Reaching with Central Field Loss

达到中心场损失

• 批准号: 8438231
• 负责人: LAURA LYNN WALKER
• 金额: $ 36.9万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-01 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8438231
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adopted; Adult; Age; Age Factors; Age related macular degeneration; Anecdotes; Behavior; Behavioral; Central Scotomas; Clinic; Clinical; Communities; Data; Data Set; Disease; Elderly; Eye; Eye Movements; Hand; Individual; Lasers; Life; Location; Longevity; Macular degeneration; Manuals; Maps; Motor; Movement; Neurosciences; Ophthalmoscopes; Optical Coherence Tomography; Outcome Study; Patients; Performance; Perimetry; Peripheral; Play; Population; Preparation; Property; Public Health; Reading; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Response Latencies; Retinal; Role; Saccades; Scanning; Scotoma; Series; Signal Transduction; Speed; System; Tea; Tissues; Training; Vision; Vision Tests; Visual; Visual impairment; Work; cohort; cost; disorder of macula of retina; experience; eye hand coordination; fovea centralis; functional outcomes; illness length; improved; macula; monocular; normal aging; oculomotor; programs; public health relevance; research study; visual feedback

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment in our elder population. In healthy vision, the fovea plays a critical role in gathering high resolution information about the visual world. We use this information for localizing objects during the preparation and execution of reaching movements. When the fovea and surrounding tissues cease to function, a blindspot (or scotoma) occurs in central vision, and AMD patients must adopt new eye-hand coordination strategies. Most research in eye movement control for AMD patients has concentrated on "eccentric viewing" (i.e. using peripheral vision to see objects) and on reading strategies. Almost no research has been conducted on the important adaptations that must take place for eye-hand coordination to be effective in daily tasks, such as making a sandwich or pouring a cup of tea. As we develop our understanding of adaptations that benefit (or impair) functional outcome for AMD patients, we can utilize this information to improve rehabilitation programs. The work in this proposal is divided into three aims. The first examines to what extent reaching delays and errors can be attributed to normal acuity decline in the periphery. The second examines how central field loss contributes to misdirected eye movements that impair eye-hand coordination. The third aim examines whether and how oculomotor and reaching adaptation occurs as a function of age and disease duration. We will construct a dataset on reaching and eye movements collected from normal, AMD and juvenile macular degeneration (JMD) observers over a large age range (40-100). We will share this dataset publicly so that we and others may use it as a resource to investigate the factors of age, disease and adaptive strategies on eye- hand coordination. The outcomes of this study will further our understanding of the functional impact of central field los, and will also be of significance to basic researchers in sensorimotor integration.

描述（由申请人提供）：视网膜相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是老年人视力损害的主要原因。 在健康的视觉中，中央凹在收集关于视觉世界的高分辨率信息方面起着关键作用。 我们使用这些信息来定位对象在准备和执行达到运动。 当中央凹和周围组织停止功能时，中央视觉出现盲点（或暗点），AMD患者必须采取新的眼手协调策略。 大多数关于AMD患者的眼动控制的研究集中在“偏心观看”（即使用周边视觉看物体）和阅读策略上。 几乎没有人研究过眼手协调在日常工作中（如制作三明治或倒茶）必须发生的重要适应。 随着我们对有利于（或损害）AMD患者功能结果的适应性的理解的发展，我们可以利用这些信息来改善康复计划。 本提案中的工作分为三个目标。 第一个检查在多大程度上达到延迟和错误可以归因于正常的视力下降的周边。 第二个研究如何中央场损失有助于误导眼球运动，损害眼手协调。 第三个目的是检查是否以及如何眼和达到适应发生作为年龄和疾病持续时间的函数。 我们将构建一个从正常、AMD和青少年黄斑变性（JMD）观察者收集的大年龄范围（40-100岁）的伸手和眼球运动数据集。 我们将公开分享这个数据集，以便我们和其他人可以将其作为一种资源来调查年龄，疾病和适应策略对眼手协调的影响。 本研究的结果将进一步加深我们对中心场的功能影响的理解，对感觉运动整合的基础研究也具有重要意义。