Recovery of Stereopsis in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

年龄相关性黄斑变性立体视觉的恢复

• 批准号: 8462982
• 负责人: Preeti Verghese
• 金额: $ 36.59万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8462982
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Affect; Age; Age related macular degeneration; Behavioral; Binocular Vision; Blindness; Central Scotomas; Contrast Sensitivity; Data; Depth Perception; Discrimination; Exhibits; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Frequencies; Goals; Hand; Image; Individual; Lead; Life; Life Style; Lighting; Location; Macular degeneration; Maps; Measures; Movement; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Perimetry; Population; Reading; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Residual state; Retina; Retinal; Role; Saccades; Scotoma; Signal Transduction; Staging; Stimulus; Sum; Testing; Training; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; Veins; Vision; Visual Fields; Visual evoked cortical potential; computer monitor; eye hand coordination; falls; functional status; gaze; grasp; improved; macula; monocular; oculomotor; response; sample fixation; successful intervention; tv watching; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Age-related macular degeneration affects central vision and impairs high acuity visual function. Individuals with AMD complain about difficulty with everyday tasks such as reading, recognizing faces and watching television. More recent studies report difficulty with eye-hand coordination and grasping, consistent with data showing that the majority of individuals with AMD have little depth perception. Stereopsis can be impaired when the two eyes have very disparate patterns of vision loss, particularly when the stronger eye determines binocular gaze direction, without regard to the functional status of the corresponding fixation location in the other eye. Loss of depth perception not only impacts tasks requiring eye hand coordination, but it can have serious consequences for mobility and obstacle avoidance. In this proposal we examine the potential to restore stereopsis in individuals with AMD, by encouraging individuals to use fixation loci in the two eyes that have similar function. We start by examining the potential for depth perception in Aim 1. This requires mapping the regions of residual function in the two eyes to determine if there are corresponding points in the periphery that can subserve depth perception. In Aim 2 we determine whether observers are able to combine information from the two eyes (a necessary prerequisite for stereopsis) and whether they have any degree of depth perception. In Aim 3 we test the hypothesis that individuals with AMD are able to use different fixation loci for different tasks. We take two approaches to encourage observers to use retinal loci that are functionally equivalent and in corresponding locations in the two eyes, so they can provide a substrate for depth perception. We first artificially equate the pattern of vision loss in the two eyes and allo observers to practice coordinated eye movements. We then determine whether they use these corresponding fixation locations in an eye-hand coordination task that benefits from depth information. If indeed the choice of fixation location is task- dependent, we expect that practice with these two tasks will improve binocular correspondence and potentially lead to a recovery of stereopsis.

描述（由申请人提供）：年龄相关性黄斑变性影响中心视力并损害高敏锐度视觉功能。 患有 AMD 的人抱怨日常任务有困难，例如阅读、识别面孔和看电视。 最近的研究报告显示，眼手协调和抓握方面存在困难，这与显示大多数 AMD 患者几乎没有深度知觉的数据一致。 当两只眼睛的视力丧失模式截然不同时，尤其是当较强的眼睛确定双眼注视方向而不考虑另一只眼睛相应注视位置的功能状态时，立体视觉可能会受到损害。 深度知觉的丧失不仅会影响需要眼手协调的任务，还会对行动能力和避障产生严重后果。 在本提案中，我们通过鼓励个体在具有相似功能的两只眼睛中使用注视位点来研究恢复 AMD 个体立体视觉的潜力。 我们首先检查目标 1 中深度感知的潜力。这需要映射两只眼睛的残差功能区域，以确定外围是否存在可以促进深度感知的对应点。 在目标 2 中，我们确定观察者是否能够结合两只眼睛的信息（立体视觉的必要先决条件）以及他们是否具有任何程度的深度感知。 在目标 3 中，我们测试了这样一个假设：患有 AMD 的个体能够针对不同的情况使用不同的注视位点。 任务。 我们采取两种方法来鼓励观察者使用功能相同且位于两只眼睛相应位置的视网膜位点，这样它们就可以为深度感知提供基础。 我们首先人为地将两只眼睛的视力丧失模式等同起来，并让观察者练习协调的眼球运动。 然后，我们确定他们是否在受益于深度信息的眼手协调任务中使用这些相应的注视位置。 如果注视位置的选择确实与任务相关，我们期望实践 通过这两项任务将改善双眼对应性并可能导致立体视觉的恢复。