Spatiotemporal Neuroimaging of Situated Sentence Comprehension

项目摘要/摘要 这项研究的目标是描述位置和功能的相互作用。 与句子理解相关的大脑区域的时间。这项研究是 在一个将理解视为拥有多个信息的框架内进行 “来源”，以及“互动性”和“情境性”。这种对句子理解的看法 主张一个句子的命题意义归根结底是由它的 句法结构和词汇内容，当理解成功时，这个意思是 通过分配句法结构(解析)并将其与词法相结合的过程来实现 确定命题意义的意义(基于句法的解释，我们将 简称为“解释”)。然而，这些综合的中央进程并不是唯一的 命题表示的来源被认为是一个词的意义的候选者 判刑。命题意义也由非句法过程赋予，例如启发式 将施事赋予动词前名词(理解有多个来源)。这些多个 信息源在网上提供句子含义的候选者，这些候选者最终被排除 赞成句子的句法许可解释(S)。此外，解析和 口译以在线方式受到各种类型的信息的影响，例如 词汇形式及其共现的频率(理解是交互的)，以及非 语言因素，如任务条件(理解是“情境”的)。 这项拟议的研究将确定大脑中涉及语法分析和 口译操作及其与非语言过程的在线互动。我们会研究 这些交互的两种主要类型--解析和解释之间的交互和 知觉和运动过程以及分析和解释与语义之间的过程 记忆。我们将使用MR约束的集成脑磁图(MEG)和 脑电图仪(EEG)，以获得神经活动的测量，具有细粒度 时间和空间分辨率，并将格兰杰因果分析(Granger，1969)应用于这些 用于识别功能上可解释的ROI之间的定向因果影响模式的数据 在句子处理过程中。

Project Summary/Abstract The goal of the proposed research is to characterize the location and functional interaction over time of areas of the brain involved in aspects of sentence comprehension. The research is undertaken within a framework that sees comprehension as having multiple information "sources," and as being "interactive" and "situated." This view of sentence comprehension maintains that the propositional meaning of a sentence is, in the final analysis, determined by its syntactic structure and lexical content, and, when comprehension is successful, this meaning is arrived at by a process that assigns syntactic structure (parsing) and combines it with lexical meanings to determine propositional meaning (syntactically-based interpretation, which we will refer to simply as "interpretation"). However, these integrated, central processes are not the only sources of propositional representations that are considered as candidates for the meaning of a sentence. Propositional meanings are also assigned by asyntactic processes such as heuristics that assign agent to a preverbal noun (comprehension has "multiple sources"). These multiple sources yield candidates for the meaning of a sentence on-line, which are eventually eliminated in favor of the syntactically licensed interpretation(s) of a sentence. In addition, parsing and interpretation are affected in an on-line fashion by a variety of types of information such as the frequency of lexical forms and their co-occurrence (comprehension is "interactive"), and by non- linguistic factors such as task conditions (comprehension is "situated"). The proposed research will identify areas of the brain that are involved in aspects of parsing and interpretive operations and their on-line interaction with non-linguistic processes. We will study the two major types of these interactions - those between parsing and interpretation and perceptual and motor processes and those between parsing and interpretation and semantic memory. We will use MR-constrained integrated magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroelcephalography (EEG) to obtain measures of neural activity that have both fine-grained temporal and spatial resolution, and apply Granger causation analyses (Granger, 1969) to these data to identify patterns of directional causal influence between functionally interpretable ROIs during sentence processing.