Improving participation in vector control campaigns

提高病媒控制活动的参与度

• 批准号: 8759325
• 负责人: Alison Meredith Buttenheim
• 金额: $ 56.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8759325
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adopted; Affect; Americas; Basic Science; Bedbugs; Behavior; Behavioral; Canis familiaris; Chagas Disease; Child; Cognitive; Communities; Costs and Benefits; Crowding; Data; Decision Making; Developing Countries; Development; Disease; Disease Vectors; Early Intervention; Economic Models; Economics; Effectiveness; Epidemic; Evidence based practice; Exposure to; Fire - disasters; Future; Goals; Health; Health Campaign; Health Promotion; Home environment; Hour; Household; Human; Hypersensitivity; Injury; Insecta; Insecticides; Intervention; Investments; Lead; Life; Measures; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Peru; Poisoning; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Psyche structure; Public Health; Public Health Practice; Rabies; Randomized; Relative (related person); Reporting; Safety; Savings; Schedule; Services; Translating; United States; Vaccination; Weight; Work; arm; base; behavior change; behavioral/social science; burden of illness; comparative; cost; cost effectiveness; disorder control; disorder prevention; epidemiological model; financial incentive; head-to-head comparison; improved; insight; mortality; novel; novel strategies; prevent; programs; public health relevance; scale up; social norm; success; uptake; vector; vector control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Persuading households to adopt safe, effective, and low-cost interventions to improve health is challenging. Door-to-door health campaigns, once a staple of public health practice in the US, are now rarely used. In developing country settings, door-to-door campaigns remain vital for disease prevention and dissemination of health-related products and services. Unfortunately, participation rates in such campaigns are often low, diminishing the effectiveness of low-cost, proven interventions. For example, current low household participation rates in the Chagas disease vector control program in Arequipa, Peru threaten Chagas control efforts in the region. Chagas, a devastating insect-borne disease affecting than 8 million people, is one of the principal infectious causes of morbidity and mortality in the Americas. Previous work has shown a quiet epidemic of Chagas in poorer communities in Arequipa, where more than 5% of children are infected. The overarching goal of this study is to develop and evaluate new interventions to increase participation in large-scale public health campaigns, such as vector control campaigns, where high rates of participation are required to achieve health gains. The interventions are based on recent discoveries from behavioral economics about the common cognitive biases and mental shortcuts that contribute to low uptake of life-saving measures. The interventions include responsive scheduling with advance commitment; neighbor recruitment; and contingent group lotteries. Advance commitments and lotteries both counter present bias-the common tendency to heavily weight immediate costs and benefits relative to future ones when making decisions. Neighbor recruitment leverages the power of social norms to change behavior. The aims of the study are to: (1) Determine the rate of participation under these three behavioral economic interventions in a vector control campaign; (2) Measure the comparative cost- effectiveness of the behavioral economic interventions; and (3) Assess the impact of each behavioral economic intervention on participation in subsequent public health campaigns. The study is uniquely positioned to both strengthen Chagas disease control efforts in the Americas, and to contribute to a general understanding of behavioral economics interventions across a wide range of health topics where uptake at the household level is critical, including bed bug control, fire safety and poisoning prevention.

描述（由申请人提供）：说服家庭采取安全、有效和低成本的干预措施来改善健康具有挑战性。挨家挨户的健康活动曾经是美国公共卫生实践的主要内容，但现在很少使用。在发展中国家，挨家挨户的宣传活动对于疾病预防和健康相关产品和服务的传播仍然至关重要。不幸的是，此类活动的参与率往往很低，从而降低了低成本、行之有效的干预措施的有效性。例如，秘鲁阿雷基帕目前家庭参与恰加斯病媒控制计划的比例较低，威胁到该地区的恰加斯病媒控制工作。查加斯病是一种毁灭性的虫媒疾病，影响着超过 800 万人，是美洲发病和死亡的主要原因之一。此前的研究显示，恰加斯病毒在阿雷基帕的贫困社区悄然流行，那里有超过 5% 的儿童受到感染。这项研究的总体目标是开发和评估新的干预措施，以增加对大规模公共卫生运动的参与，例如病媒控制运动，这些运动需要高参与率才能实现健康收益。这些干预措施基于行为经济学的最新发现，即导致救生措施采用率较低的常见认知偏差和心理捷径。干预措施包括提前承诺的响应式调度；邻居招募；和临时团体彩票。预先承诺和抽签都可以对抗当前偏见，即在做出决策时严重权衡当前成本和收益相对于未来成本和收益的普遍趋势。邻居招募利用社会规范的力量来改变行为。研究的目的是： (1) 确定病媒控制运动中这三种行为经济干预措施的参与率； (2) 衡量行为经济干预措施的比较成本效益； (3) 评估每项行为经济干预措施对参与后续公共卫生运动的影响。该研究具有独特的优势，既可以加强美洲恰加斯病的控制工作，又可以帮助人们普遍了解行为经济学干预措施，涵盖广泛的健康主题，其中家庭层面的采用至关重要，包括臭虫控制、消防安全和中毒预防。