Center for Public Genomics 2.0

描述(由申请人提供)：杜克大学公共基因组学中心(CpG)成立于2004年，研究基因组学研究的两个重要方面：知识产权(IP)和共享数据和材料的规范和实践。该中心涵盖法律学术、经济和商业理论、实证社会科学、历史、哲学和文学研究。具体项目分析了各种知识产权的作用，以及商业和科学中的法律规则和实践如何影响基因组学及其应用。一个主题是科学公地的价值--放在公共数据库中的信息和技术，在开放文献中发表，或以低成本广泛共享。CPG研究的目的是为促进广泛使用有价值的信息同时保持创造信息和发明新技术的激励措施的政策提供信息。CPG 2.0将延长头五年的研究。它将转向知识产权法律如何对待基因组信息，知识产权如何促进或阻碍基因组学，以及在无处不在的全序列基因组分析时代，现有专利可能如何影响科学和遗传诊断。CPG 2.0还将研究IP如何突然出现在令人惊讶的地方。它将更深入地探讨专利如何以及为什么在BiDil的故事中很重要，BiDil是FDA批准用于种族亚群的第一种药物。当涉及美国部落、加拿大第一民族和非洲人口时，基因组学有时也会引发争议。CPG将与其他人合作解决这些问题，研究知识产权如何引发冲突，但也可能成为分享利益的工具。中央人民政府不仅致力于进行最高质量的研究，而且还希望以有用的形式向决策人员提供其研究成果。CPG 2.0包括设在华盛顿特区的两个核心：基因组政策资源，包括DNA专利数据库(乔治城大学)和遗传学和公共政策中心的政策参与核心(约翰·霍普金斯大学)。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Duke University's Center for Public Genomics (CpG) was established in 2004 to study two important aspects of genomics research: intellectual property (IP), and norms and practices of sharing data and materials. The Center embraces legal scholarship, economic and business theory, empirical social science, history, philosophy, and literary studies. Specific projects analyze the role of various kinds of IP and the ways that legal rules and practices in business and in science affect genomics and its applications. One theme is the value of a scientific commons ~ information and technologies that are placed in public databases, published in the open literature, or widely shared at low cost. CpG research is intended to inform policies to promote wide use of valuable information while preserving incentives to create information and invent new technologies. CpG 2.0 will extend the first five years of research. It will turn to how IP law treats genomic information, how IP can promote or impede genomics, and how existing patents might affect science and genetic diagnostics in an era of ubiquitous full-sequence genomic analysis. CpG 2.0 will also study how IP is cropping up in surprising places. It will probe more deeply into how and why patents were important in the story of BiDil, the first drug that FDA approved for use in a racial subpopulation. Genomics has also sometimes flared into controversy when it involves US tribes, Canadian First Nations, and populations in Africa. CpG will collaborate with others addressing these issues, studying how IP can provoke conflict but may also be a tool for sharing benefits. CpG aspires not only to do the highest quality research, but also to make its research available to those making policy decisions in useful form. CpG 2.0 includes two cores based in Washington, DC: a Genomic Policy Resource that includes the DNA Patent Database (Georgetown University) and a policy engagement core at the Genetics and Public Policy Center (Johns Hopkins University).