Adolescent Precursors to Financial Stress and Alcohol Abuse in Young Adulthood

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是通过关注从青春期到成年早期的家庭关系、财务状况和饮酒行为之间的动态关联，来研究酒精相关问题的发展过程。为了实现这一目标，我们建议使用国家青少年健康纵向研究（添加健康研究）的四波数据来响应 PA-08-167。 青春期和成年早期酗酒问题的一个重要预测因素是父母与青少年关系的受损。另一个预测因素是财务压力，这在经济衰退时期可能尤其重要。然而，人们对经济压力的动态及其与青春期和成年早期酗酒问题的关系知之甚少。本研究测试了家庭压力模型 (FSM) 的扩展，探讨了青春期家庭经济压力和亲子关系质量对年轻人家庭关系、经济压力和酗酒问题的潜在长期影响。该研究将有助于与酒精相关问题、预防和治疗相关的多个领域的基础和实践知识，以及与减轻青年时期的财务压力和债务水平相关的计划和政策。具体研究目标是： 目标 1（青春期和向成年的过渡）：测试家庭压力模型的扩展，在该模型中，青少年家庭经济压力预测亲子关系受损，进而影响青春期和成年早期的酗酒问题； 目标 2（青年期）：研究青年期与父母的关系、经济压力和酗酒问题之间的动态关联；目标 3（完整模型）：测试青少年家庭经济压力、与父母的关系以及青少年经济压力和酗酒问题之间关系的精细模型。这种组合模型认为，青春期的家庭经济压力通过其对与父母的关系和经济压力的潜在持久影响，与年轻人的酒精问题有关。 除了完整模型之外，还将探索替代模型来测试影响的替代途径：特别是，青少年和年轻人的酒精问题可能预示着青年时期与父母的关系受损以及经济压力。 一旦确定了这些模型对于酒精问题的适用性，我们将把分析扩展到非法物质的使用。由于酒精问题和问题轨迹因性别和种族/民族而异，因此对潜在性别和民族差异或性别和民族组合的分析将纳入每个目标。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to examine the developmental course of alcohol-related problems by focusing on the dynamic associations among family relationships, financial well-being, and drinking behavior from adolescence through young adulthood. To achieve this goal, we propose using four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (the Add Health Study) in response to PA-08-167. An important predictor of alcohol problems in both adolescence and young adulthood is compromised parent-adolescent relationships. Another predictor is financial stress which may be particularly relevant during times of economic downturn. However, little is known about the dynamics of financial stress and its association with alcohol problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Testing an extension of The Family Stress Model (FSM), this research examines the potential long-term effects of family financial stress and parent-child relationship quality in adolescence on young adult family relationships, financial stress, and alcohol problems. The research will contribute to several areas of basic and practical knowledge relevant to alcohol- related problems, prevention and treatment, and to programs and policies related to reducing financial stress and debt levels during young adulthood. The specific research aims are: Aim 1 (Adolescence and the Transition to Adulthood): To test an extension of the Family Stress Model in which adolescent family financial stress predicts compromised parent- adolescent relationships, which in turn influence alcohol problems in adolescence and into young adulthood; Aim 2 (Young Adulthood): To examine the dynamic associations in young adulthood between relationships with parents, financial stress, and alcohol problems; and Aim 3 (The Full Model): To test an elaborated model of the associations between adolescent family financial stress, relationships with parents, and young adult financial stress and alcohol problems. This combined model posits that family financial stress in adolescence is linked to young adult alcohol problems through its potential lasting influence on relationships with parents and financial stress. In addition to the full model, alternate models will be explored to test alternative pathways of influence: in particular, adolescent and young adult alcohol problems may predict compromised relationships with parents in young adulthood as well as financial stress. Once the suitability of these models has been established relative to alcohol problems, we will extend the analyses to the use of illegal substances. Because alcohol problems and problem trajectories vary by gender and race/ethnicity, analyses of potential gender and ethnic differences, or combinations of gender and ethnicity, will be integrated within each aim.