Project 5: Phytoremediation to Degrade Airborne PCB Congeners from Soil

项目5。项目5的总体目标是为修复含有可能暴露人类的空气中PCB同系物的场所提供工程研究（非生物医学）。具体来说，这是为了确定植物是否可以提供原位植物修复来自空气和其他空气源的多氯联苯同系物，如在印第安纳州东芝加哥计划的密闭处置设施（CDF）中疏浚的沉积物，靠近两所学校。因此，该项目侧重于芝加哥空气中存在的挥发性较高的多氯联苯同系物，这些同系物在环境中显示出显著的质量、毒性或持久性。植物可以从土壤和土壤水中吸收多氯联苯同系物，从空气中截取半挥发性同系物到叶子和树皮的蜡质角质层上，并直接代谢污染物。此外，植物通过提供栖息地、氧化还原电位和降解所需的底物来刺激根际多氯联苯的生物修复。本项目的意义在于，通过进一步研究多氯联苯植物修复的基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学基础，为制定和应用土地管理策略干预污染废弃物场地提供科学依据，打破多氯联苯在大气中持续循环和随后暴露于人类的状况。项目五包括四个具体目标：

Project 5. Phytoremediation to Degrade Airborne PCB Congeners from Soil & Groundwater Sources The overall goal of Project 5 is to provide engineering research (non-biomedical) for the remediation of sites containing airborne PCB congeners which may expose humans. Specifically, it is to determine whether plants can provide In situ phytoremediation of PCB congeners from the air and other airborne sources like dredged sediments at the planned Confined Disposal Facility (CDF) in East Chicago, Indiana, near two schools. Thus the Project focuses on PCB congeners of higher volatility which are present in Chicago air and which display significant mass, toxicity or persistence in the environment. Plants can uptake PCB congeners from soil and soil-water, intercept semi-volatile congeners from the air onto the waxy cuticle of leaves and bark, and metabolize contaminants directly. In addition, plants stimulate rhizosphere bioremediaton of PCBs by providing the habitat, redox potential, and substrate necessary for degradation. The significance of this project is that, by studying further the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic basis of PCB phytoremediation, it will provide the scientific basis for the development and application of land management strategies for intervention at contaminated waste sites, and to break the continuous cycling of PCBs in the atmosphere and subsequent exposure to humans. Four specific aims comprise Project 5: ¿ Identify plant metabolites of selected PCB congeners (PCB-3, 11, 15, 28, 52, 77, 153) and the uptake/resolution/metabolism of chiral compounds (PCB-95, 136) using GC/MS and LC/MS/MS ¿ Mineralize PCB mixtures (in mesocosms and site plots) by varying redox conditions which microbially dechlorinates PCBs under anoxic conditions and oxidizes the biphenyl ring under aerobic conditions ¿ Analyze the proteomic response and toxicity to pure cultures of selected aerobic PCB degraders and identified anaerobic degraders exposed to PCBs and PCB metabolites ¿ Characterize PCB-induced changes on the soil microbial community at CDF sites and sediments using T-RFLP analysis and proteomic analysis The leading themes of the competitive renewal are to identify more completely the PCB metabolites, the biotransformation proteins involved, and to demonstrate complete mineralization of PCB congeners in the root zone of plants by using the latest techniques of metabolomics and proteomics.