Real-Time Patterns of Smoking and Alcohol Use: A Daily Data Analysis

吸烟和饮酒的实时模式：每日数据分析

• 批准号: 8735896
• 负责人: Amy M Cohn
• 金额: $ 11.78万
• 依托单位: TRUTH INITIATIVE FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-17 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8735896
• 关键词: Abstinence; Accounting; Acute; Address; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Sciences; Cancer Control; Cellular Phone; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Data; Data Analyses; Event; Future; Generations; Health Benefit; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; National Cancer Institute; Nicotine; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Surveys; Telephone; Testing; Time; Tobacco; United States; Veins; Voice; base; cancer risk; cigarette smoking; cost; design; disability; drinking; follow-up; high risk; innovation; intervention program; mortality; predictive modeling; problem drinker; public health relevance; reduce tobacco use; response; smoking cessation; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Real-time patterns of smoking and alcohol use: A daily data analysis Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and disability in the United States1-3. Despite the strong relationship between smoking and cancer-related morbidity and mortality and the noted health benefits of quitting 4-7, very few smokers quit every year 8, and between 70%-95% of those who do quit relapse within the first year 9. Heavy drinking, which is highly co-morbid with cigarette smoking 10, also represents a significant risk factor for cancer-related illness and mortality11-13, and is also implicated in persistent smoking, and less success (or attempts) at quitting smoking. Nearly half of all problem drinkers are nicotine dependent 14, and the combined influence of alcohol and tobacco has a multiplicative effect on increasing cancer-related risk.12,15 Self-efficacy (SE) to abstain from smoking is one of the most important determinants of smoking cessation outcomes. However, the mechanism of how SE changes is not well understood. One reason is that studies have failed to take into account other factors that may influence associations between SE and smoking that are particularly relevant to smoking behavior, such as heavy drinking. The proposed application will address this gap in the research by identifying daily changing factors that impede or promote SE and future smoking cessation efforts in a sample of 84 heavy drinking smokers. Participants will track their smoking, alcohol consumption, and SE related to smoking twice a day for 28 days using innovative interactive voice response (IVR) telephone surveys. We will predict the likelihood of future smoking cessation outcomes (e.g., reduced cigarettes per day, cessation attempts, and complete abstinence) at 1- and 6-months follow-up from these daily factors. Research to date has not taken advantage of innovative methods that capture the impact of daily factors on smoking cessation outcomes, nor have they focused specifically on high-risk heavy drinking smokers, despite their elevated cancer-related risk. An empirically supported model describing how daily SE mediates the association between daily drinking and smoking to future cessation outcomes is crucial for developing effective smoking cessation interventions. This R03 is consistent with recent initiatives at the National Cancer Institute to: (a) use innovative approaches to identify behaviors that impact cancer-related risk that could be targeted in new treatments; (b) reduce tobacco use and the prevalence of cigarette smoking; (c) understand the impact of co-morbid conditions on cancer-related risk; and (c) prepare a new generation of investigators for cancer research16-19. This R03 would provide a strong basis for moving the field forward in these areas and to begin to answer many of the questions that remain about how high-risk groups initiate and maintain changes in cancer-related risk behaviors. Findings from this study will have important long-term clinical and public health significance in decreasing the overall prevalence of cancer-related risk and illness by developing targeted cessation interventions for the unique needs of heavy drinking smokers.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟和饮酒的实时模式：每日数据分析 吸烟是美国可预防的死亡和残疾的主要原因1-3。尽管吸烟与癌症相关的发病率和死亡率之间存在密切关系，而且戒烟对健康有显着的益处 4-7，但每年戒烟的吸烟者很少 8，而且戒烟第一年的吸烟者中有 70%-95% 会复发 9。酗酒与吸烟高度共存 10，也是癌症相关疾病和死亡率的一个重要风险因素 11-13，并且还与持续吸烟有关， 戒烟的成功（或尝试）较少。近一半的问题饮酒者有尼古丁依赖性 14，酒精和烟草的综合影响会增加癌症相关风险。12,15 戒烟的自我效能 (SE) 是戒烟结果最重要的决定因素之一。然而，SE 变化的机制尚不清楚。原因之一是研究未能考虑到可能影响 SE 与吸烟之间关联的其他因素，这些因素与吸烟行为（例如酗酒）特别相关。拟议的应用程序将通过在 84 名重度饮酒吸烟者的样本中识别阻碍或促进 SE 和未来戒烟工作的日常变化因素来弥补研究中的这一空白。参与者将使用创新的交互式语音应答 (IVR) 电话调查，在 28 天内每天两次跟踪他们的吸烟、饮酒和与吸烟相关的 SE。我们将根据这些日常因素在 1 个月和 6 个月的随访中预测未来戒烟结果的可能性（例如，每天减少吸烟量、尝试戒烟和完全戒烟）。迄今为止的研究尚未利用创新方法来捕捉日常因素对戒烟结果的影响，也没有专门针对高危酗酒吸烟者，尽管他们的癌症相关风险较高。一个经验支持的模型描述了日常 SE 如何调节日常饮酒和吸烟与未来戒烟结果之间的关联，这对于制定有效的戒烟干预措施至关重要。该 R03 与国家癌症研究所最近的举措一致，即：(a) 使用创新方法来识别影响癌症相关风险的行为，这些行为可以作为新治疗的目标； (b) 减少烟草使用和吸烟流行率； (c) 了解合并症对癌症相关风险的影响； (c) 为癌症研究培养新一代研究者16-19。 R03 将为推动这些领域的发展提供坚实的基础，并开始回答有关高风险群体如何启动和维持癌症相关风险行为变化的许多仍然存在的问题。这项研究的结果对于通过针对重度饮酒吸烟者的独特需求制定有针对性的戒烟干预措施来降低癌症相关风险和疾病的总体患病率具有重要的长期临床和公共卫生意义。