Measuring young adult appeal for menthol cigarettes using laboratory and intensive longitudinal methods

使用实验室和强化纵向方法测量年轻人对薄荷卷烟的吸引力

• 批准号: 9901208
• 负责人: Amy M Cohn
• 金额: $ 43.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9901208
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Age; Area; Behavior; Characteristics; Cigarette; Computers; Data; Dependence; Ecological momentary assessment; Environment; Familiarity; Future; Health Campaign; Hour; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Menthol; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Neurobiology; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Phase; Property; Psychological reinforcement; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Priority; Rewards; Sales; Sample Size; Sensory; Severities; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; System; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Translating; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; addiction; aged; authority; base; behavioral economics; cigarette smoking; craving; design; follow-up; internal control; population health; preference; psychologic; public health relevance; public policy on tobacco; recruit; response; satisfaction; smoking addiction; smoking prevalence; tobacco products; tobacco user; willingness; young adult

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This R01 proposal is responsive to priority research areas #2 (Addiction) and #4 (Behavior) within RFA-OD-17- 013 and seeks to address several limitations in the research on menthol smoking. Although the FDA banned characterizing flavors in cigarettes, menthol cigarettes are still available to consumers. Experimentation with menthol cigarettes has been linked to progression to regular smoking and nicotine dependence in youth and young adults (YAs, defined here as ages 18-24)1-5, a vulnerable group of tobacco users. A key unanswered question is whether menthol increases the appealing and reinforcing properties of cigarette smoking6-8, which may facilitate progression to regular smoking and addiction among newer users. The subjective appeal and reinforcing effects of smoking are important indicators of the neurobiological systems that underlie smoking addiction and abuse liability,9 and have been shown to motivate subsequent smoking. Only a handful of controlled investigations have examined the differential appealing and reinforcing effects of smoking menthol and non-menthol cigarettes,10-12 but most have methodological limitations13,14, including small sample sizes and omission of YA smokers.12-18 These studies also do not measure, with a sufficient level of accuracy, degree of sequencing, and timing that is needed to address the context-dependent fluctuations in menthol- related appeal and reinforcement in real time.19 We will recruit menthol (n = 150) and non-menthol (n = 150) YA smokers who initiated smoking in the past 6-months, and measure appeal/reinforcement for menthol and non-menthol cigarettes and the impact of appeal/reinforcement on changes in smoking (progression, nicotine dependence, and cigarette harm perceptions) at a 6-month follow-up. Appeal/reinforcement will be assessed via two complementary measurement paradigms: one in the laboratory using a well-validated behavioral economic choice task20-22 and the other in the natural environment using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Laboratory studies provide a great deal of efficiency and internal control, allowing for causal inference of acute subjective response to menthol smoking that cannot be captured through subjective self-report; while EMA allows for similar causal sequencing of behavior, but in an ecologically valid format in the smoker’s natural environment. It is hypothesized that, compared to non-menthol smokers, menthol smokers will show greater appeal/reinforcement, both in the laboratory and via EMA, and will be more likely to show progression to regular smoking, increases in nicotine dependence, and lower cigarette harm perceptions by a 6-month follow-up. The association between menthol preference and smoking outcomes will be reduced or non-significant after including measures of appeal/reinforcement in the model; suggesting that menthol’s appeal/reinforcement accounts for smoking progression. This research will isolate the unique effects of menthol in tobacco among YAs and will help inform regulatory decisions pertaining to the addiction potential and abuse liability of menthol (versus non-menthol) cigarettes and the use of characterizing flavors in other tobacco products in future studies.

7. 项目概要/摘要 该 R01 提案响应 RFA-OD-17 中的优先研究领域 #2（成瘾）和 #4（行为） 013 并试图解决薄荷醇吸烟研究中的一些局限性。尽管 FDA 禁止 薄荷醇香烟是香烟中的特色口味，但消费者仍然可以买到。薄荷醇实验 香烟与青少年和年轻人（YAs、 这里定义为 18-24)1-5 岁，即烟草使用者的弱势群体。一个尚未解答的关键问题是薄荷醇是否 增加吸烟的吸引力和强化特性6-8，这可能有助于进展为定期吸烟 新用户吸烟和成瘾。吸烟的主观吸引力和强化作用很重要 构成吸烟成瘾和滥用倾向的神经生物学系统指标9，并已被证明 刺激后续吸烟。只有少数受控调查研究了吸引力和吸引力的差异 吸薄荷醇和非薄荷醇香烟的强化作用，10-12，但大多数都有方法学局限性13,14， 包括小样本量和青少年吸烟者的遗漏。12-18 这些研究也没有测量，具有足够的水平 解决薄荷醇与环境相关的波动所需的准确性、测序程度和时间安排 实时相关呼吁和强化。19 我们将招募薄荷醇 (n = 150) 和非薄荷醇 (n = 150) 青少年吸烟者 谁在过去 6 个月内开始吸烟，并衡量薄荷醇和非薄荷醇香烟的吸引力/强化程度 以及上诉/强化对吸烟变化的影响（进展、尼古丁依赖和香烟危害） 的看法）在 6 个月的随访中。上诉/强化将通过两种互补的衡量标准进行评估 范式：一种是在实验室中使用经过充分验证的行为经济选择任务20-22，另一种是在自然环境中 使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）的环境。实验室研究提供了极大的效率和 内部控制，允许对无法捕获的对薄荷醇吸烟的急性主观反应进行因果推断 通过主观自我报告；虽然 EMA 允许类似的行为因果顺序，但在生态上有效 吸烟者的自然环境中的格式。据推测，与非薄荷醇吸烟者相比，薄荷醇 吸烟者将在实验室和通过 EMA 表现出更大的吸引力/强化，并且更有可能表现出 6 个月内进展为经常吸烟、尼古丁依赖性增加、香烟危害认知降低 后续行动。薄荷醇偏好与吸烟结果之间的关联将减少或不显着 在模型中包括上诉/强化措施；表明薄荷醇的吸引力/增强作用 吸烟进展。这项研究将在青少年中分离出薄荷醇在烟草中的独特作用，并有助于了解 有关薄荷醇（与非薄荷醇）香烟的成瘾潜力和滥用倾向的监管决定 以及在未来的研究中在其他烟草产品中使用特征风味。