A Follow-up Study for Causes of Cancer in Black Women

描述（由申请人提供）：黑人妇女健康研究（BWHS）是非洲裔美国人（AA）妇女中最大的癌症随访研究，始于1995年，来自美国各地的59,000名妇女（中位年龄38岁）参加了研究。BWHS已成功地跟踪参与者，每两年对突发疾病和医疗、生殖、行为、社会心理和社会经济因素进行问卷调查，将地址与美国人口普查数据联系起来，目前正在与空气污染数据联系起来。癌症诊断是通过医院和癌症登记处的病理数据来验证的。通过收集26,800名参与者的脸颊细胞样本，建立了DNA生物库。尽管由于参与者入组时年龄小，癌症的初始累积速度较慢，但BWHS已广泛发表了有关乳腺癌危险因素的文章；现在有足够的肺癌、结直肠癌和结肠腺瘤病例。我们建议(1)继续跟进/数据收集；(2)建立17800份血样库；(3)在联盟项目中共享数据/样本。BWHS的延续是非常可取的：90%的参与者仍然没有癌症；后续行动是成功和公正的；该队列已达到癌症发病率显著增加的年龄；可以研究在其他人群中不太常见的暴露（如严重肥胖、种族主义）的影响；DNA在遗传癌症研究中做出了宝贵的贡献，是AA和其他群体中乳腺癌和相关表型研究的主要复制源；BWHS是亚洲罕见癌症联盟项目的主要贡献者；而且BWHS的工作效率很高。由于许多血液标志物的水平在AAs中是不利的，并且很少有针对/\As的血液生物标志物与癌症发病率相关的研究，我们建议在BWHS中建立一个血液样本库。一项成功的试点研究证明了我们的方法的可行性，参与是公正的，与其他大型后续研究相似。在美国癌症队列研究中，拥有可用血液样本的AA女性数量有限，而该储存库将使其数量增加60%。嗜酒者妇女继续不成比例地受到许多癌症的影响。BWHS的继续将允许继续其对了解这一未充分研究群体的癌症病因学的宝贵贡献。血液库将极大地增加BWHS资源的价值，允许研究有助于填补生物标志物与AAs癌症发病率和生存之间关系的知识空白。BWHS中对严重非恶性疾病的评估提高了这一资源的价值，而无需为癌症研究付出任何代价。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Black Women's Health Study (BWHS), the largest follow-up study for cancer in African American (AA) women, began in 1995 when 59,000 women (median age, 38) from across the U.S. enrolled. The BWHS has successfully followed participants with biennial questionnaires for data on incident disease and medical, reproductive, behavioral, psychosocial, and socioeconomic factors, linked addresses to U.S. census data, and are currently linking to air pollution data. Cancer diagnoses are validated by pathology data from hospitals and cancer registries. A DNA bio repository was established through collection of cheek cell samples from 26,800 participants. Despite initial slow accrual of cancers due to the young age of participants at entry, the BWHS has published extensively on risk factors for breast cancer; sufficient cases of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and colon adenomas are now available. We propose to (1) continue follow-up/data collection; (2) establish a repository of 17,800 blood samples; (3) share data/samples in consortia projects. Continuation of the BWHS is highly desirable: 90% of participants are still cancer-free; follow-up has been successful and unbiased; the cohort has reached ages at which cancer incidence increases markedly; effects of exposures (e.g., severe obesity, racism) that are less common in other populations can be studied; the DNA has made valuable contributions to genetic cancer studies and is a major replication source for studies of breast cancer and related phenotypes in AA and other groups; the BWHS is a key contributor to consortia projects of rarer cancers in /\As; and the BWHS has been highly productive. Because levels of many blood markers are unfavorable among AAs and few studies of blood biomarkers in relation to cancer incidence have been carried out specifically in /\As, we propose to establish a repository of blood samples in the BWHS. A successful pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of our methods and participation was unbiased and similar to that in other large follow-up studies. The repository will increase by 60% the limited number of AA women with available blood samples being followed in U.S. cancer cohort studies. AA women continue to be disproportionately affected by many cancers. Continuation of the BWHS will permit continuation of its valuable contributions to understanding cancer etiology in this understudied group. A blood repository will greatly increase the value of the BWHS resource by permitting studies that help to fill the knowledge gap about the relation of biomarkers to cancer incidence and survival in AAs. The assessment of serious nonmalignant illnesses in the BWHS enhances the value of this resource at no cost to the study of cancer.