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Biomarkers for conduct problems: Abnormal conditioning to punishments and rewards

行为问题的生物标志：对惩罚和奖励的异常调节

基本信息

批准号：
8712529
负责人：
Yu Gao
金额：
$ 15.26万
依托单位：
BROOKLYN COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-06 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8712529
关键词：
8 year old 9 year old Adolescence Adult Age Antisocial Personality Disorder Applications Grants Area Behavior Therapy Biological Biological Markers Biosocial Brain imaging Cardiovascular system Characteristics Child Childhood Clinical Communities Conduct Disorder Data Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Early identification Electroencephalogram Environment Equilibrium Etiology Event-Related Potentials Exhibits Foundations Future Goals Grant Home environment Individual Individual Differences Intervention Knowledge Light Literature Longitudinal Studies Measures Neuroanatomy Neurobiology New York Physiological Pilot Projects Process Psychophysiology Psychosocial Factor Public Health Punishment Research Research Personnel Research Proposals Rewards Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Specificity Subgroup Symptoms Testing Time United States National Institutes of Health Violence Work anti social autonomic conditioning aversive conditioning base blink reflexes boys clinical Diagnosis conditioning conduct problem design early onset experience follow-up girls improved innovation insight life course persistent longitudinal design meetings neglect outcome forecast programs prospective psychosocial social theories treatment program

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Conduct disorder is one of the most common and important clinical disorders in children, and continuing efforts are being made to improve diagnostic criteria for and subtyping of conduct disorder. Neurobiological markers, including conditioning deficits, could in theory bring objective information to the diagnostic process and help differentiate the life-course persistent subtype of conduct disordered individuals from more transitory antisocial children. The long term goal of this pilot study is to lay the foundations fo a future prospective longitudinal study of conduct disorder in childhood and adolescence which can provide new insight into continuity and change throughout this important developmental period, with potential implications for diagnosis and treatment. The central hypotheses, based on both the prior literature and the applicant's recent findings, are that children with conduct problems at both ages 8 and 9 are characterized by reduced conditioning to punishments and enhanced conditioning to rewards, and that children with both conditioning deficits and adverse home environments show more conduct problems. Hypotheses will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) to determine the relationships between conduct problems and conditioning to both rewards and punishments, 2) to determine the stability and change in conduct problems and the specificity of conditioning measures to the early-onset persistently antisocial group, and 3) to determine whether conditioning deficits interact with psychosocial adversity in predisposing to conduct problems. This pilot study plans to assess conduct disorder symptoms, autonomic conditioning, and social adversity in a community sample of 340 8-year-old boys and girls in the area of Brooklyn, New York, and also in a one-year follow-up at age 9 years. Electrodermal and cardiovascular activity will be assessed during appetitive and aversive conditioning tasks. The research proposal is innovative because: (1) for the first time it examines associations between conduct problems and the balance of appetitive conditioning and aversive conditioning in children, (2) it uses a prospective longitudinal design, and (3) it investigates the interaction between conditioning deficits and psychosocial factors in predisposing to conduct problems. NIH support of this proposal will provide the applicant with the experience necessary to transition into an independent investigator. More importantly, identification of early biomarkers such as conditioning deficits, along with the role of psychosocial factors, may increase insight into the underlying psychopathological processes involved in the development of conduct problems. Programmatically this knowledge has potential implications for clinical diagnosis and behavioral modification treatment programs, and may help to target treatment efforts on those children in most need.

描述（由申请人提供）：品行障碍是儿童最常见和最重要的临床疾病之一，人们正在不断努力改进品行障碍的诊断标准和亚型。神经生物学标记物，包括条件反射缺陷，理论上可以为诊断过程带来客观信息，并有助于区分行为障碍个体的生命全程持续亚型与更短暂的反社会儿童。这项试点研究的长期目标是为未来儿童和青少年行为障碍的前瞻性纵向研究奠定基础，该研究可以为整个重要发展时期的连续性和变化提供新的见解，并对诊断和治疗具有潜在影响。基于先前的文献和申请人最近的发现，中心假设是，8岁和9岁有行为问题的儿童的特点是对惩罚的条件作用减少，对奖励的条件作用增强，而同时有条件缺陷和不利家庭环境的儿童表现出更多的行为问题。将通过追求三个具体目标来检验假设：1）确定行为问题与奖励和惩罚的调节之间的关系，2）确定行为问题的稳定性和变化以及针对早发持续反社会群体的调节措施的特异性，以及3）确定调节缺陷是否与心理社会逆境相互作用而导致行为问题的发生。这项试点研究计划评估纽约布鲁克林地区 340 名 8 岁男孩和女孩的社区样本的行为障碍症状、自主调节和社会逆境，并在 9 岁时进行为期一年的随访。将在食欲和厌恶调节任务期间评估皮肤电和心血管活动。该研究提案具有创新性，因为：（1）它首次研究了行为问题与儿童食欲性条件反射和厌恶性条件反射之间的平衡之间的关联，（2）它采用了前瞻性纵向设计，（3）它调查了条件反射缺陷和容易出现行为问题的心理社会因素之间的相互作用。美国国立卫生研究院对该提案的支持将为申请人提供过渡为独立研究者所需的经验。更重要的是，识别早期生物标志物（例如条件缺陷）以及心理社会因素的作用，可能会增加对行为问题发展所涉及的潜在心理病理过程的了解。从编程上讲，这些知识对临床诊断和行为改变治疗计划具有潜在影响，并且可能有助于针对最需要的儿童进行针对性治疗。