Continued studies of environment impact on puberty

描述（由申请人提供）：青春期可能是影响成人发病率和死亡率的易感窗口，青春期前后的乳腺组织可能特别容易受到环境暴露的影响。大部分骨矿物质在青少年时期沉积，胰岛素抵抗在青春期上升。内脏脂肪是增加肥胖并发症风险的一个重要因素，但对影响内脏脂肪沉积的早期因素知之甚少。环境暴露可能会影响身体成分以及青春期结局。初潮年龄与乳腺癌风险相关，但青春期生长速度可能是影响较高女性和初潮较早女性患乳腺癌风险的潜在生物学现象。我们将利用一个独特的现有队列的女孩从6岁和7岁，谁有半年一次的检查超过3-5年。与其他两个BCERC流行病学项目密切合作，并与辛辛那提BCERC社区外展计划，我们的研究提出，以填补差距了解发病时间和青春期与初潮，内分泌干扰物和多态性之间的相互作用，以及身体成分的变化之间的关系。我们将在这个已建立的女孩队列中完成成熟评估，包括月经初潮年龄、成熟克里思、身高增长速度峰值年龄/值、身体成分和脂肪分布以及青春期骨矿物质累积（按进入青春期的途径）。我们计划评估物理/社会环境的维度，包括内分泌干扰物（EDCs）的暴露，以及这些因素如何影响青春期和月经初潮的开始。我们将探讨内分泌干扰物和遗传多态性的关系和相互作用，青春期成熟的基准。辛辛那提的流行病学和外展计划将为非专业观众开发和传播有关生活方式选择和乳腺癌特定暴露的潜在健康风险的材料，并加强向研究家庭报告研究结果的协议。这一建议应该使我们能够更好地了解青春期的变化如何为未来的预防策略提供信息，以降低乳腺癌的患病率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Puberty may serve as a window of susceptibility that impacts adult morbidity and mortality, and peripubertal breast tissue may be especially susceptible to environmental exposures. The majority of bone mineral is deposited during teen years, and insulin resistance rises during puberty. Visceral fat is an important factor that increases risk of obesity complications, but little is known about early factors that impact deposition of visceral fat Environmental exposures may impact body composition, as well as pubertal outcomes. Age at menarche is associated with risk of breast cancer, but pubertal growth velocity may be the underlying biologic phenomenon that impacts greater risk of breast cancer in taller women and those with earlier menarche. We will utilize a unique existing cohort of girls followed from ages 6 and 7 and who have had semiannual examinations over 3-5 years. Working closely with the other two BCERC epidemiology projects, and with the Cincinnati BCERC community outreach program, our study proposes to fill the gap towards understanding the relationships between timing of onset and pathway of puberty with menarche, interaction between endocrine disruptors and polymorphisms, and changes in body composition. We will complete the maturation assessment in this established cohort of girls, to include age at menarche, tempo of maturation, age/value of peak height velocity, body composition and fat distribution, and bone mineral accrual during puberty, by pathway into puberty. We plan to assess dimensions of the physical/social environments including exposures to endocrine disrupting toxicants (EDCs), and how these factors contribute to impact onset of puberty and menarche. We will explore the relationships and interactions of EDCs and genetic polymorphisms, on benchmarks of pubertal maturation. The Cincinnati epidemiology and outreach programs will develop and disseminate materials for lay audiences about lifestyle choices and potential health risks of specific exposures in regard to breast cancer, and enhance protocols to report study findings to study families. This proposal should allow us to understand better how changes during puberty can inform future prevention strategies to decrease the prevalence of breast cancer.