Neural Noise and Cognitive Control in Schizophrenia

精神分裂症的神经噪声和认知控制

• 批准号: 8607212
• 负责人: BRETT A CLEMENTZ
• 金额: $ 37.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-08 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8607212
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cognitive; Control Groups; Data; Detection; Disease; Electroencephalography; Equipment Design; Etiology; Eye Movements; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Hearing; Human; Imaging technology; Institutes; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Methods; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Noise; Pattern; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Radio; Regulation; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Role; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Signs and Symptoms; Source; Specificity; Stimulus; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Techniques; Time; Translational Research; Variant; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual attention; Work; base; cognitive control; density; improved; meetings; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; sensory cortex; sensory system; theories; translational neuroscience; translational study; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): People with schizophrenia have documented evidence of abnormal prefrontal cortex (PFC) mediated cognitive control. A group of healthy people exist who manifest neither signs nor symptoms of schizophrenia but who nevertheless show impaired cognitive control. In this healthy group, both task performance and brain activities are like those observed in people schizophrenia. Yet, schizophrenia is a unique disorder that must be caused by neural deviations differentiable from those solely associated with manifestations of poor PFC-mediated cognitive control. This project will demonstrate that nonspecific neural noise (as a function of cognitive control requirements) accentuates and characterizes the behavioral and neural manifestations of poor cognitive control in schizophrenia. Long-term Goals: This work will show that cognitive control abnormalities resulting in similar behavioral manifestations have different neural etiologies. It will link seemingly disparate behavioral and brain activity deviations for a unified theory of schizophrenia, thus providing a template for translational studies of the illness. Specific Aims: This project will address 4 critical issues for understanding associations between neural noise, cognitive control, regulation of sensory systems, and behavioral performance in schizophrenia: (i) excess (nonspecific) neural noise as a primary neurophysiological deviation; (ii) PFC activation and PFC-mediated modulation of sensory processing as a function of cognitive control requirements; (iii) regulation of sensory input to support visual attention and perceptual target detection as a function of stimulus density; and (iv) specificity of deviations in (i)-(iii) to schizophrenia. Methods: During visual tasks, eye movements will be recorded using EOG and neural activity data will be collected with combined MEG (143 channel) / EEG (64 sensor) equipment designed for simultaneous measurements. Combining EEG/MEG yields the best spatial accuracy and temporal certainty for solving source localization problems given their shared and unique sensitivities to brain activities because they act synergistically to improve source localizations. The advantages of combining imaging technologies like EEG/MEG to solve source localization problems has been known for some time but it is still an uncommon practice, although we have demonstrated our ability to perform combined EEG/MEG source localizations using saccade tasks (McDowell et al., 2005). This research will have important implications for understanding the neural bases of cognitive control problems inherent to schizophrenia and how those differ from comparison populations. We also aim to develop a more coherent understanding of the role of PFC problems in schizophrenia, which would guide translational research and inform strategies for developing rehabilitation and treatment techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：精神分裂症患者有证据表明前额叶皮层（PFC）介导的认知控制异常。有一群健康的人既没有表现出精神分裂症的症状和体征，但却表现出认知控制能力受损。在这个健康的群体中，任务表现和大脑活动都与精神分裂症患者相似。然而，精神分裂症是一种独特的疾病，必须由神经偏差引起，与那些仅与pfc介导的认知控制不良表现相关的神经偏差不同。该项目将证明非特异性神经噪声（作为认知控制要求的功能）突出并表征了精神分裂症患者认知控制不良的行为和神经表现。长期目标：这项工作将表明导致类似行为表现的认知控制异常具有不同的神经病因。它将把看似不同的行为和大脑活动偏差联系起来，形成一个统一的精神分裂症理论，从而为这种疾病的转化研究提供一个模板。具体目标：该项目将解决4个关键问题，以了解精神分裂症患者神经噪声、认知控制、感觉系统调节和行为表现之间的联系：(i)过量（非特异性）神经噪声是主要的神经生理偏差；（ii） PFC激活和PFC介导的感觉加工调节作为认知控制需求的功能；（iii）调节感官输入，以支持视觉注意和知觉目标检测，作为刺激密度的函数；（iv） (i)-(iii)对精神分裂症的特异性偏差。方法：在视觉任务期间，使用眼电记录眼球运动，并使用同时测量的MEG（143通道）/ EEG（64传感器）联合设备收集神经活动数据。脑电和脑磁图的结合在解决源定位问题上具有最佳的空间精度和时间确定性，因为它们对大脑活动具有共同和独特的敏感性，因为它们协同作用以改善源定位。结合EEG/MEG等成像技术来解决源定位问题的优势已经为人所知一段时间了，但它仍然是一种不常见的做法，尽管我们已经证明了我们使用扫视任务来执行EEG/MEG联合源定位的能力（McDowell等人，2005）。这项研究将对理解精神分裂症固有的认知控制问题的神经基础以及这些问题与比较人群的不同具有重要意义。我们还旨在对PFC问题在精神分裂症中的作用进行更连贯的理解，这将指导转化研究并为开发康复和治疗技术提供策略。