Behavioral and Environmental Contributors to Tobacco Disparities in Rural Youth

农村青年烟草差异的行为和环境因素

• 批准号: 8797044
• 负责人: Debra H Bernat
• 金额: $ 8.53万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8797044
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Controlled Environment; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Florida; General Population; Goals; Grant; Health; High Prevalence; Individual; Knowledge; Learning; Left; Life; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Minnesota; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Pattern; Prevention; Prevention program; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Rural; Rural Community; Rural Population; Sampling; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoking; Social Controls; Social Environment; Social Network; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco use; United States; Work; Youth; base; cigarette smoking; cohort; design; effective intervention; evidence base; health disparity; high school; innovation; junior high school; metropolitan; mortality; population based; premature; public policy on tobacco; reduce tobacco use; rural area; social; suburb; tobacco control; tobacco exposure; tobacco prevention; urban area; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tobacco use in rural populations is a pressing public health issue. Individuals living in rural areas suffer disproportionately from tobacco use, with cross-sectional surveys consistently showing higher prevalence rates of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use in rural areas compared to metropolitan areas. While the scientific knowledge about adolescent tobacco use has grown significantly in the past several decades, most of this knowledge is based primarily on youth living in urban areas. The proposed work utilizes over a decade of existing longitudinal data from Minnesota to characterize important factors that may contribute to tobacco-related disparities in rural communities. The aims of the current proposal are to: (1) examine differences in the progression of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use among rural and metropolitan youth during adolescence and young adulthood and (2) assess how the social and tobacco control environments differ in rural and metropolitan areas, and how these account for differences in rates and patterns of smoking among rural and metropolitan youth. Youth in rural areas are hypothesized to show higher rates of initiation and at earlier ages, heavier use patterns, fewer quit attempts, and lower rates of cessation compared to metropolitan youth. Rural youth are further hypothesized to report higher levels of smoking among their social networks, greater social acceptability of smoking, greater access to tobacco, and exposure to fewer tobacco control policies than youth in metropolitan areas and that these factors will relate to heavier patterns of use among rural youth. We will also examine if factors associated with differences in rates of tobacco use among rural and metropolitan youth are comparable in a large diverse sample of youth from Florida. We hypothesize that the factors associated with differences in rates of smoking among rural and metropolitan youth in Minnesota will be comparable in Florida. The proposed approach is innovative because it includes a repeated measures design with a large sample of youth from rural and metropolitan areas, along with detailed and frequent data about tobacco use behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood, as well as links between behavior and a multitude of social factors that may affect tobacco use and cessation among rural youth. The proposed project is expected to advance our understanding of tobacco-related disparities among rural youth by providing a detailed understanding of factors associated with tobacco disparities in rural youth that have been observed in cross-sectional studies. Importantly, the proposed project will provide an evidence base for designing effective interventions aimed at reducing tobacco use in rural populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：农村人口中的烟草使用是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题。与大都会地区相比，居住在农村地区的个人因烟草的使用而遭受不成比例的遭受烟草的苦难，横断面调查始终显示出吸烟率更高和农村地区的无烟烟草使用率。尽管在过去的几十年中，关于青少年烟草使用的科学知识已经显着增长，但大多数知识主要基于生活在城市地区的青年。拟议的工作利用了明尼苏达州的十年中现有的纵向数据来表征可能导致农村社区中与烟草相关的差异的重要因素。当前建议的目的是：（1）检查在青春期和年轻成年期间，在农村和大都市青年中吸烟和无烟烟草进展的差异，以及（2）社交和烟草控制环境评估农村和大都市区域的差异在农村和大都市区域如何差异，以及这些对吸烟和模式中的差异以及在吸烟和模式中的差异。假设农村地区的年轻人表现出更高的开始率，与大都市青年相比，在早期，更重的使用模式，更少的戒烟尝试和较低的戒烟率。进一步假设农村青年在社交网络中报告吸烟水平更高，吸烟的社会可接受性，更多的烟草接收能力以及比大都市地区的青年人更少的烟草控制政策，并且这些因素将与农村青年的使用方式更重。我们还将研究农村和大都市青年中烟草使用率差异相关的因素是否可以在佛罗里达州的大量青年样本中可比。我们假设在佛罗里达州，明尼苏达州农村和大都市青年在农村和大都市青年中吸烟率差异相关的因素。该提出的方法具有创新性，因为它包括一项重复的措施设计，其中包括来自农村和大都市地区的大量青年，以及有关从青春期到年轻成年的烟草使用行为的详细和频繁的数据，以及行为与可能影响烟草使用和蛋白质青年的众多社会因素之间的联系。预计该拟议的项目将通过对在横断面研究中观察到的与农村青年烟道差异相关的因素进行详细了解，从而提高我们对农村青年与烟草相关的差距的理解。重要的是，拟议的项目将为设计有效的干预措施提供证据基础，以减少农村人群中的烟草使用。