Exercise as a Buffer Against Stressed-Induced Eating

锻炼可以缓冲压力引起的饮食

• 批准号: 8765882
• 负责人: Jessica L Unick
• 金额: $ 14.56万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8765882
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Adult; Affect; Anxiety; Area; Attenuated; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; Buffers; Characteristics; Consumption; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Disinhibition; Doctor of Philosophy; Eating; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Exercise; Exercise Physiology; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Hunger; Hydrocortisone; Hyperphagia; Individual; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Life; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Moods; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Physical activity; Physiological; Population; Positioning Attribute; Psychological Factors; Published Comment; Qualifying; Randomized; Reaction Time; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Self-control as a personality trait; Stress; Supervision; Telephone; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Universities; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Wing; Woman; Work; addiction; biological adaptation to stress; career; coping; design; experience; improved; innovation; medical schools; multidisciplinary; novel; obesity treatment; professor; psychologic; psychosocial; public health relevance; randomized trial; response; responsible research conduct; sedentary; skills; stress management; stressor; sugar

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dr. Unick is an Assistant Professor (Research) at the Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University and an exercise physiologist at The Miriam Hospital's Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center. She received her PhD in exercise physiology from the University of Pittsburgh, where she also gained valuable experience in behavioral weight loss treatment. Her long-term goal is to become an independent exercise/obesity investigator, with a line of research focused on understanding the psychological factors through which exercise may assist in long-term weight control. The current application would add to the scant literature in this area by examining whether exercise reduces stress-induced overeating. An understanding of the basic mechanisms through which exercise influences weight control, is important for the future of obesity treatment. As part of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01), Dr. Unick will gain extensive training in the areas of (1) stress responses and stress methodology, (2) stress as it specifically affects obesity, (3) the psychological benefits of exercise as observed in the treatment of addictions, (4) ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and statistical analyses, (5) the responsible conduct of research, and (6) professional development focused on becoming an independent investigator. This training will occur in the form of didactics and hands-on experiences gained under the guidance and supervision of a highly qualified team of mentors. Dr. Unick will work closely with her primary mentor, Dr. Rena Wing, an internationally recognized obesity researcher, as well as her multidisciplinary team of co-mentors [Dr. Laura Stroud (stress methodology), Dr. Elissa Epel (stress and obesity), Dr. Rick Brown (exercise in addictions), and Drs. Ross Crosby and Graham Thomas (EMA and statistical analyses)]. The research will be conducted at The Miriam Hospital & Brown Medical School, an environment well-suited for developing junior investigators and fully equipped with the resources to carry out the proposed research plan. Given that stress contributes to overeating and poor dietary choices and a separate body of literature demonstrating that exercise reduces stress, the current application seeks to examine the novel question of whether exercise training reduces stress-induced eating. We will begin by examining this in a tightly controlled laboratory setting (Study 1) and then transition to the examination of this research question in a free-living environment (Study 2). In Study 1, 48 sedentary and overweight/obese women will be randomized to a 10- week supervised exercise training program (EX) or a no-exercise control condition (CON). Participants will come to the lab on two separate occasions at both baseline and 10 weeks. On one day they will be exposed to a psychosocial stressor while the other day will serve as a no-stress, control day. "Stress-induced eating" will be defined as the energy intake (measured via a buffet meal) following exposure to the stressor on the stress day minus the energy intake on the no-stress day. It is hypothesized that EX will reduce "stress-induced eating" relative to CON. Given that exposure to a psychosocial stressor and buffet meal in a laboratory setting may not mimic real world conditions, Study 2 will focus on whether exercise reduces stress-induced overeating using smart phones and EMA data collection methods, designed to obtain 'real-time' responses in a free living environment. Forty-eight sedentary, overweight/obese women will be randomized to 10 weeks of supervised exercise training (EX) or a no-exercise control condition (CON). Participants will be asked to log their stress, mood, hunger, dietary temptations/lapses, and "overeating" episodes via a smart phone for 10 days before and after the training period. It is hypothesized that EX will reduce the proportion of "overeating" and "stress-induced overeating" episodes, relative to CON. The proposed studies are the first to examine the effects of exercise training on stress-induced overeating, addressing an important research gap in the area of exercise and obesity. The rigorous methodology, randomized design, and novel use of dual methodologies (lab to life generalization) make this application both significant and innovative. Moreover, these studies will provide rich data sets, enabling Dr. Unick to conduct additional exploratory and hypothesis generating analyses, which will also help facilitate her transition to an independent investigator. It is expected that through the formal coursework, hands-on training, and excellent mentorship, Dr. Unick will gain the knowledge and skills necessary to develop an independent, extramurally funded research career in the area of exercise and obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：Unick博士是布朗大学Warren Alpert医学院的助理教授（研究），也是Miriam医院体重控制和糖尿病研究中心的运动生理学家。她获得了匹兹堡大学运动生理学博士学位，在那里她还获得了行为减肥治疗的宝贵经验。她的长期目标是成为一名独立的运动/肥胖调查员，其研究重点是了解运动可能有助于长期体重控制的心理因素。目前的应用程序将通过检查运动是否会减少压力引起的暴饮暴食来增加这一领域的文献。了解运动影响体重控制的基本机制对肥胖治疗的未来很重要。作为这项指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）的一部分，Unick博士将在以下领域获得广泛的培训：（1）压力反应和压力方法，（2）压力，因为它特别影响肥胖，（3）在成瘾治疗中观察到的运动的心理益处，（4） 生态瞬时评估（EMA）和统计分析，（5）负责任的研究行为，以及（6）专注于成为独立调查员的专业发展。这种培训将在高素质导师团队的指导和监督下以教学和实践经验的形式进行。Unick博士将与她的主要导师雷纳翼博士（国际公认的肥胖研究人员）以及她的多学科合作导师团队[Laura Stroud博士（压力方法学），Elissa Epel博士（压力和肥胖），Rick Brown博士（成瘾运动），Ross克罗斯比和Graham托马斯博士（EMA和统计分析）]密切合作。该研究将在Miriam医院和布朗医学院进行，这是一个非常适合培养初级研究人员的环境，并完全配备了执行拟议研究计划的资源。考虑到压力会导致暴饮暴食和不良的饮食选择，以及单独的文献证明运动会减轻压力，本申请试图研究运动训练是否会减少压力引起的进食的新问题。我们将开始在一个严格控制的实验室环境中检查这个问题（研究1），然后过渡到在一个自由生活的环境中检查这个研究问题（研究2）。在研究1中，48名久坐不动和超重/肥胖的女性将被随机分配到为期10周的监督运动训练计划（EX）或无运动对照条件（CON）。参与者将在基线和10周时两次单独来到实验室。有一天，他们将暴露在心理社会压力源中，而另一天将作为无压力的控制日。“压力诱发的进食”将被定义为在压力日暴露于压力源之后的能量摄入（通过自助餐测量）减去无压力日的能量摄入。据推测，EX将减少“压力诱发的饮食”相对CON。鉴于暴露于心理社会压力源和自助餐在实验室环境中可能不会模仿真实的世界条件，研究2将集中在运动是否减少压力诱发的暴饮暴食使用智能手机和EMA数据收集方法，旨在获得“实时”的反应，在一个自由的生活环境。48名久坐不动的超重/肥胖女性将随机接受10周的监督运动训练（EX）或无运动对照条件（CON）。参与者将被要求在训练期前后10天内通过智能手机记录他们的压力、情绪、饥饿、饮食诱惑/失误和“暴饮暴食”事件。据推测，EX将减少“暴饮暴食”和“压力引起的暴饮暴食”事件的比例，相对于CON。拟议的研究是第一次检查运动训练对压力引起的暴饮暴食的影响，解决了运动和肥胖领域的一个重要研究空白。严格的方法，随机设计和双重方法（实验室到生活的推广）的新用途使这一应用既重要又创新。此外，这些研究将提供丰富的数据集，使Unick博士能够进行额外的探索性和假设生成分析，这也将有助于她过渡到独立研究者。预计通过正式的课程，实践培训和优秀的指导，Unick博士将获得必要的知识和技能，以发展运动和肥胖领域的独立，校外资助的研究事业。