Beyond Cue Reactivity: ERPs, Sensitivity to Natural Rewards and Smoking Cessation

超越提示反应：ERP、对自然奖励的敏感性和戒烟

• 批准号: 8678889
• 负责人: Francesco Versace
• 金额: $ 13.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2015-12-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8678889
• 关键词: Abstinence; Affect; Alcohols; American; Brain; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cues; Data; Data Set; Development; Diagnosis; Drug Addiction; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Evaluation; Event-Related Potentials; Exhibits; Food; Funding; Goals; Health; Human; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Light; Maintenance; Measures; Mission; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neuraxis; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Participant; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Placebos; Probability; Process; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Rewards; Role; Site; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoking; Training; United States; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Validation; Withholding Treatment; Work; addiction; base; clinical application; clinical practice; cue reactivity; data acquisition; drug of abuse; emotional stimulus; improved; innovation; never smoker; predictive modeling; psychologic; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; reward processing; sex; smoking cessation; stem; success; tool; varenicline

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While data from several empirical studies support the idea that smokers process cigarette-related stimuli as motivationally relevant, very few studies have investigated if smokers exhibit reduced sensitivity to natural rewards (i.e., intrinsically pleasant stimuli). Obtaining this knowledge will allow for the implementation of new interventions aimed at enhancing the saliency value of natural rewards, an approach that might increase smoking abstinence. The long-term goal of our research group is to understand the neurophysiologic mechanisms underlying relapse and to improve smoking-cessation interventions. The objective of this proposal is to determine the role of sensitivity to intrinsicaly rewarding (i.e., pleasant) stimuli in the maintenance of smoking addiction. Our central hypothesis is that smokers with reduced sensitivity to intrinsically pleasant stimuli will have mor difficulty quitting smoking and achieving long-term abstinence. This hypothesis was developed thanks to preliminary data collected in our laboratory using event-related potentials (ERPs), a direct measure of neural activity. The rationale for the proposed research is that once we can identify smokers who exhibit reduced sensitivity to intrinsically pleasant stimuli, specific interventions to normalize the reactivity of the brain reward system can be implemented for these individuals. Such individualized interventions (either pharmacological or psychological) will increase long term smoking cessation rates with a significant positive impact on human health. We will test this hypothesis by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Determine the role of nicotine addiction in altering sensitivity to intrinsically pleasant stimuli; 2) Identify the role hat sensitivity to intrinsically pleasant stimuli has on influencing smoking abstinence during a smoking cessation attempt; 3) Build and validate a long-term smoking abstinence predictive model to improve personalized treatment for smoking cessation. This approach is innovative because, by using ERPs to directly measure brain activity evoked by intrinsically emotional stimuli, we will be able to evaluate the role that individual differences in the brain reward syste have in influencing one's ability to quit smoking. The proposed research is significant because it will fundamentally advance our knowledge of the neurobiological processes involved in drug addiction.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然来自几项经验研究的数据支持吸烟者处理与香烟相关的刺激的想法，但很少有研究研究吸烟者是否对自然奖励的敏感性降低（即本质上令人愉悦的刺激）。获得这些知识将允许实施旨在提高自然奖励显着性价值的新干预措施，这种方法可能会增加戒烟。我们研究小组的长期目标是了解复发基础的神经生理机制，并改善吸烟干预措施。该提案的目的是确定对内在奖励（即愉快）刺激在维持吸烟成瘾中的敏感性的作用。我们的中心假设是，对本质上令人愉悦的刺激敏感性降低的吸烟者将难以退出吸烟和长期禁欲。该假设得益于使用事件相关电位（ERP）在我们的实验室中收集的初步数据，这是神经活动的直接衡量。拟议的研究的理由是，一旦我们可以确定对本质上令人愉悦刺激敏感的吸烟者，则可以为这些人实现脑奖励系统的反应性的特定干预措施。这种个性化的干预措施（药理或心理学）将增加长期的戒烟率，并对人类健康产生重大积极影响。我们将通过追求三个特定目的来检验这一假设：1）确定尼古丁成瘾在改变对本质上令人愉悦刺激的敏感性中的作用； 2）确定帽子对本质上令人愉悦的刺激的敏感性在戒烟尝试过程中影响戒烟的作用； 3）建立和验证长期的戒烟预测模型，以改善个性化戒烟的治疗方法。这种方法具有创新性，因为通过使用ERP直接测量由本质上情绪刺激引起的大脑活动，我们将能够评估个体差异在大脑奖励系统影响戒烟能力方面的作用。拟议的研究很重要，因为它从根本上可以提高我们对吸毒涉及的神经生物学过程的了解。