Infant Sleep Development: Contributions of Infant Vagal Tone and Parenting

婴儿睡眠发展：婴儿迷走神经张力和养育的贡献

• 批准号: 8699928
• 负责人: Cathi Barbra Propper
• 金额: $ 26.6万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-10 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8699928
• 关键词: Adult; African American; Age-Months; American; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Birth; Brain; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Collection; Development; Emotional; Environment; Ethnic group; European; Family; Fatigue; Film; Frustration; Funding; Future; Home environment; Home visitation; House Call; Income; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Lead; Life; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Methods; Mothers; Nature; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pattern; Perception; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Process; Prospective Studies; Race; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Societies; Telephone; Temperament; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Video Recording; Visit; Withdrawal; Work; actigraphy; behavior influence; behavioral health; caregiving; cognitive function; comparison group; cost; critical period; diaries; health disparity; improved; indexing; infancy; intervention program; maltreatment; premature; programs; public health relevance; response; sleep regulation; social; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sleep problems are a risk factor for poor physical, emotional, and behavioral health in children and adults (Dahl & El-Sheikh, 2007). The first year of life is an important period for the consolidation and regulation of sleep-wake patterns which have been found to predict sleep patterns later in life. These sleep patterns likely result from intrinsic characteristics of the infant such as temperament (e.g., Carey, 1974) and physiology (e.g., El-Sheikh & Buckhalt, 2005), as well as extrinsic factors such as caregiving (see Sadeh, Tikotzky, & Scher, 2010). Although these factors have been studied independently, the bi-directional and longitudinal relationship between them has not been examined in relation to developing sleep patterns. The current study aims to examine the interplay between caregiving and infant vagal tone (a purported physiological index of self-regulation) in prediction of developing infant sleep patterns over the first six months of life. Due to findings that the abilit to self-regulate at bedtime and through the night is one of the most significant predictors of good sleep quality, we will explore the association between sleep and infant vagal regulation across two contexts: (1) in response to challenge during the day, and (2) at bedtime. We will investigate the moderating role of caregiving behavior during the day and at night and examine the causal relationship between sleep quality and vagal regulation between 3 and 6 months. Finally, due to findings that African American children may have more sleep difficulties than European American children, we will explore these processes in an African American sample. It is important to identify early predictors of sleep patterns in this group, and explore within-group differences, before making between-group comparisons in future studies. The proposed pilot study involves a home visit at 3 and 6 months of age which will include assessments of infant vagal regulation and caregiver-child interactions. Each visit will be followed by 7 days of data collection at bedtime and through the night consisting of objective measures of sleep behavior (actigraphy and video recording) and vagal tone at bedtime. In addition, caregiving behaviors (practices and emotional availability) will be filmed through the night (one time) and mothers will complete a sleep diary by phone each morning. Our current understanding is limited about how various levels of analyses influence sleep development. It is important to move beyond cross-sectional assessments relying on maternal report and identify patterns and trajectories, via objective measurement, that develop during this critical period. Understanding these processes is essential for developing appropriate preventions, or interventions, that will help reduce the prevalence of early sleep problems that may extend into later childhood and beyond.

描述（由申请人提供）：睡眠问题是儿童和成人身体，情感和行为健康不佳的危险因素（Dahl＆El-Sheikh，2007年）。生命的第一年是整合和调节睡眠效果模式的重要时期，这些时期已被发现可以预测以后的睡眠方式。这些睡眠模式可能是由于气质（例如Carey，1974）和生理学（例如El-Sheikh＆Buckhalt，2005年）的内在特征以及外在因素（例如Sadeh，Tikotzky，＆Scher，2010年）引起的。尽管已经独立研究了这些因素，但是与发展睡眠模式有关的双向和纵向关系尚未进行研究。当前的研究旨在检查护理和婴儿迷走神经张力（所谓的自我调节生理指数）在预测生命的前六个月中发展婴儿睡眠模式的相互作用。由于发现在就寝时间和整夜自我调节的结果是良好睡眠质量的最重要预测指标之一，我们将探索两种情况下的睡眠和婴儿迷走神经调节之间的关联：（1）响应白天的挑战，（2）在睡前。我们将调查白天和晚上护理行为的调节作用，并检查3到6个月之间睡眠质量与迷走神经调节之间的因果关系。最后，由于非洲裔美国儿童的睡眠困难可能比欧美儿童更多，因此我们将在非裔美国人样本中探索这些过程。重要的是要确定该组中睡眠模式的早期预测指标，并在对以后的研究中进行组间比较之前探索组内差异。拟议的试点研究涉及3个月和6个月大的家庭访问，其中包括对婴儿迷走神经调节和照顾者与孩子的互动的评估。每次访问将在就寝时间和整个夜晚收集7天的数据，包括睡眠行为的客观度量（Actigraphy和视频录制）和迷走式的语调。此外，护理行为（实践和情感上的可用性）将在整夜拍摄（一次），母亲将 每天早晨通过电话完成睡眠日记。我们目前对各种分析如何影响睡眠发展的理解限制。重要的是要通过在这个关键时期发展的客观测量，超越依靠产妇报告并识别模式和轨迹的横截面评估非常重要。了解这些过程对于制定适当的预防或干预措施至关重要，这将有助于减少可能延伸到幼儿期及以后的早期睡眠问题的患病率。