Infant Sleep Development: Contributions of Infant Vagal Tone and Parenting

婴儿睡眠发展：婴儿迷走神经张力和养育的贡献

• 批准号: 8699928
• 负责人: Cathi Barbra Propper
• 金额: $ 26.6万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-10 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8699928
• 关键词: Adult; African American; Age-Months; American; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Birth; Brain; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Collection; Development; Emotional; Environment; Ethnic group; European; Family; Fatigue; Film; Frustration; Funding; Future; Home environment; Home visitation; House Call; Income; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Lead; Life; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Methods; Mothers; Nature; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pattern; Perception; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Process; Prospective Studies; Race; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Societies; Telephone; Temperament; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Video Recording; Visit; Withdrawal; Work; actigraphy; behavior influence; behavioral health; caregiving; cognitive function; comparison group; cost; critical period; diaries; health disparity; improved; indexing; infancy; intervention program; maltreatment; premature; programs; public health relevance; response; sleep regulation; social; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sleep problems are a risk factor for poor physical, emotional, and behavioral health in children and adults (Dahl & El-Sheikh, 2007). The first year of life is an important period for the consolidation and regulation of sleep-wake patterns which have been found to predict sleep patterns later in life. These sleep patterns likely result from intrinsic characteristics of the infant such as temperament (e.g., Carey, 1974) and physiology (e.g., El-Sheikh & Buckhalt, 2005), as well as extrinsic factors such as caregiving (see Sadeh, Tikotzky, & Scher, 2010). Although these factors have been studied independently, the bi-directional and longitudinal relationship between them has not been examined in relation to developing sleep patterns. The current study aims to examine the interplay between caregiving and infant vagal tone (a purported physiological index of self-regulation) in prediction of developing infant sleep patterns over the first six months of life. Due to findings that the abilit to self-regulate at bedtime and through the night is one of the most significant predictors of good sleep quality, we will explore the association between sleep and infant vagal regulation across two contexts: (1) in response to challenge during the day, and (2) at bedtime. We will investigate the moderating role of caregiving behavior during the day and at night and examine the causal relationship between sleep quality and vagal regulation between 3 and 6 months. Finally, due to findings that African American children may have more sleep difficulties than European American children, we will explore these processes in an African American sample. It is important to identify early predictors of sleep patterns in this group, and explore within-group differences, before making between-group comparisons in future studies. The proposed pilot study involves a home visit at 3 and 6 months of age which will include assessments of infant vagal regulation and caregiver-child interactions. Each visit will be followed by 7 days of data collection at bedtime and through the night consisting of objective measures of sleep behavior (actigraphy and video recording) and vagal tone at bedtime. In addition, caregiving behaviors (practices and emotional availability) will be filmed through the night (one time) and mothers will complete a sleep diary by phone each morning. Our current understanding is limited about how various levels of analyses influence sleep development. It is important to move beyond cross-sectional assessments relying on maternal report and identify patterns and trajectories, via objective measurement, that develop during this critical period. Understanding these processes is essential for developing appropriate preventions, or interventions, that will help reduce the prevalence of early sleep problems that may extend into later childhood and beyond.

描述（由申请人提供）：睡眠问题是儿童和成人身体、情绪和行为健康不佳的一个危险因素（Dahl & El-Sheikh，2007）。生命的第一年是巩固和调节睡眠-觉醒模式的重要时期，人们发现睡眠-觉醒模式可以预测以后的睡眠模式。这些睡眠模式可能是由婴儿的内在特征（例如气质（例如，Carey，1974）和生理学（例如，El-Sheikh＆Buckhalt，2005））以及外在因素（例如照顾）造成的（参见Sadeh，Tikotzky和Scher，2010）。尽管这些因素已经被独立研究，但它们之间的双向和纵向关系尚未与发展睡眠模式相关进行检查。目前的研究旨在检查护理和婴儿迷走神经张力（一种所谓的自我调节生理指标）之间的相互作用，以预测婴儿出生前六个月睡眠模式的发展。由于发现睡前和夜间的自我调节能力是良好睡眠质量最重要的预测因素之一，因此我们将在两种情况下探讨睡眠与婴儿迷走神经调节之间的关联：(1) 白天应对挑战，(2) 就寝时。我们将研究白天和夜间护理行为的调节作用，并检查 3 至 6 个月期间睡眠质量和迷走神经调节之间的因果关系。最后，由于发现非裔美国儿童可能比欧洲裔美国儿童有更多的睡眠困难，我们将在非裔美国人样本中探讨这些过程。在未来的研究中进行组间比较之前，重要的是确定该组睡眠模式的早期预测因素，并探索组内差异。拟议的试点研究包括对 3 个月和 6 个月大的婴儿进行家访，其中包括对婴儿迷走神经调节和看护者与儿童互动的评估。每次访视后都会进行 7 天的睡前和整夜数据收集，包括睡眠行为（体动记录和视频记录）和睡前迷走神经张力的客观测量。此外，护理行为（实践和情感可用性）将整晚被拍摄（一次），母亲们将 每天早上通过电话完成睡眠日记。我们目前对不同层次的分析如何影响睡眠发展的理解有限。重要的是要超越依赖产妇报告的横断面评估，并通过客观测量来确定这一关键时期形成的模式和轨迹。了解这些过程对于制定适当的预防或干预措施至关重要，这将有助于减少早期睡眠问题的发生率，这些问题可能会延续到儿童后期甚至更长时间。