Re-examining links between screen time, health behaviors, and executive functioning: Validating an objective measure of screen exposure in a sample of young children

重新审视屏幕时间、健康行为和执行功能之间的联系：验证幼儿样本中屏幕暴露时间的客观测量

• 批准号: 10725847
• 负责人: Cathi Barbra Propper
• 金额: $ 41.81万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10725847
• 关键词: 5 year old; Address; Adult; Age; Agreement; Area; Artificial Intelligence; Attention; Behavior; Birth; Brain; Cellular Phone; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Cognitive; Computers; Data; Development; Devices; Electronics; Emotional; Environment; Exposure to; Family; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Grant; Health; Health and Behavior in Children; Health behavior; Home; Home environment; Hour; Image; Individual Differences; Investigation; Language; Link; Literature; Longitudinal cohort study; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neurobiology; Obesity; Only Child; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Physical activity; Population; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Systems Analysis; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; adverse outcome; artificial intelligence algorithm; artificial intelligence method; contextual factors; cost; design; diaries; digital technology; early childhood; early experience; early screening; executive function; experience; falls; follow-up; improved; light weight; member; neural network; neurodevelopment; novel; parental involvement; physical conditioning; poor sleep; prevent; programs; prospective; skills; sleep difficulty; sleep health; time use; tool; touchscreen; tv watching

Project Summary Researchers argue that the detrimental impact of screen exposure on young children’s development may depend on the amount of exposure, the type of programming, and the context of use, yet few studies have attempted to measure each of these variables using naturalistic, observational, and objective methods. Although extant findings reveal mostly negative associations between screen exposure and outcomes for very young children across cognitive and socio-emotional domains, the findings have been mixed for school-aged children. To date, all studies in this area are based on parent report or time-use diaries, which have well- recognized limitations. No study has used an objective measure of screen exposure across viewing platforms (i.e., TVs, touch screens, smart phones and computers) in children. Thus, mixed findings in the literature may be due to measurement issues. Additional research is needed to systematically examine potential adverse relations between children’s screen exposure and developmental outcomes. In this proposal, we will validate a novel and objective measure of screen exposure that will assess quantity and quality of screen exposure using a small wearable camera that has been designed by members of our investigative team (R21 HD104164). Images will be automatically analyzed for the type of screen and amount of screen exposure using artificial intelligence algorithms that have been developed by our team. Moreover, we will characterize specific contextual features surrounding children’s screen exposure such as (a) parental presence and involvement during screen exposure and (b) whether the programming is continuous or changing. In addition, this study will be the first to systematically investigate relationships between children’s screen exposure, their sleep hygiene, and their physical activity using objective measurements of each of these variables in the child’s home environment. Finally, we will look at associations between quantity and quality of screen use and individual differences in executive functioning in the same sample of young children. Participants (n = 230 parent–child dyads) will be drawn from a prospective longitudinal cohort study funded by NICHD (Brain and Early Experience Study; R01 HD091148); they will be seen one time at 4.5 years of age for an executive functioning assessment. Families will be provided with devices to measure screen exposure, physical activity, and sleep in their homes for the following week. Results from this proposed work will validate the use of our wearable camera as the first objective measure of screen exposure in children and will provide necessary data for a future R01 proposal to investigate the impact of early screen exposure on the development of neural networks that are important for executive functions and academic potential in children.

项目摘要 研究人员认为，筛查暴露对幼儿成长的有害影响可能 取决于暴露量，编程类型和使用背景，但很少有研究 试图使用自然主义，观察和客观方法来测量这些变量中的每个变量。 尽管广泛的发现揭示了屏幕暴露与结果之间的负面关联 在认知和社会情感领域的幼儿，这些发现混合在学龄前 孩子们。迄今为止，该领域的所有研究均基于父母报告或时间使用日记，这些日记具有很好的 公认的局限性。没有研究对跨观看平台的屏幕暴露进行客观测量 （即电视，触摸屏，智能手机和计算机）在儿童中。这是文学中的混合发现 由于测量问题。需要进行其他研究以系统地检查潜在的不利 儿童屏幕暴露与发展成果之间的关系。 在此提案中，我们将验证对筛查暴露的新颖和客观测量，该测量将评估数量 使用小型可穿戴相机的屏幕曝光质量，该相机由我们的成员设计 调查团队（R21 HD104164）。图像将自动分析屏幕类型和数量 使用我们团队开发的人工智能算法的屏幕曝光。而且，我们 将表征儿童屏幕曝光周围的特定上下文特征，例如（a）父母 屏幕暴露期间的存在和参与以及（b）编程是连续的还是 更改。此外，这项研究将是第一个系统地研究儿童之间关系的研究 筛查，睡眠卫生以及他们的体育锻炼，使用每个的客观测量 这些变量在孩子的家庭环境中。最后，我们将研究数量和数量之间的关联 在同一幼儿样本中，屏幕使用质量和执行功能的个体差异。 参与者（n = 230个亲子二元组）将从由前瞻性纵向队列研究中提取 NICHD（大脑和早期经验研究； R01 HD091148）；他们将在4.5岁时看到他们 执行功能评估。将为家庭提供测量屏幕曝光的设备， 体育锻炼，并在接下来的一周内睡在家里。这项拟议工作的结果将验证 使用我们的可穿戴相机作为儿童屏幕暴露的第一个客观测量，并将提供 未来R01提案的必要数据，以调查早期筛查对 开发对儿童执行功能和学术潜力至关重要的神经网络。