Behavioral Regulation and Real-Time Reinforcement in Alcohol Dependence

酒精依赖的行为调节和实时强化

• 批准号: 8728697
• 负责人: Eric D Claus
• 金额: $ 19.64万
• 依托单位: THE MIND RESEARCH NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8728697
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Anterior; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Complex; Corpus striatum structure; Costs and Benefits; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Dorsal; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Insula of Reil; Investigation; Knowledge; Lateral; Neurocognitive; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pattern; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Specific qualifier value; Staging; Testing; Time; Treatment outcome; Ventral Striatum; Water; Work; alcohol craving; alcohol cue; alcohol response; alcohol reward; alcohol use disorder; cingulate cortex; cognitive control; cue reactivity; executive function; experience; human data; neural circuit; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; public health relevance; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Behavioral dysregulation is a risk factor for alcohol dependence and likely contributes to failed treatment attempts after the onset of alcohol dependence. Regulation over behavior is a complex process that relies on several functional circuits within the brain that are used to weigh costs and benefits of decisions. The degree to which neural circuits involved in behavioral regulation are affected in alcohol dependence remain largely unknown. To address this dearth of knowledge the proposed study aims to 1) integrate real-time tastant delivery with tasks known to engage regions important for alcohol dependence such as the ventral striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal gyrus and 2) determine how functional connectivity patterns differ in alcohol dependent individuals compared to social drinkers, in order to determine the mechanisms that underlie automatic and controlled responses to cues that predict alcohol. Alcohol dependent and social drinkers will complete neurocognitive tasks that assess reward sensitivity while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine those brain regions that are affected in alcohol dependence, and to better understand how functional connectivity patterns may differ in alcohol dependent individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：行为失调是酒精依赖的危险因素，并且可能导致酒精依赖发作后治疗尝试失败。对行为的调节是一个复杂的过程，依赖于大脑内的多个功能回路，这些功能回路用于权衡决策的成本和收益。参与行为调节的神经回路在酒精依赖中受到影响的程度仍然很大程度上未知。为了解决这种知识缺乏的问题，拟议的研究旨在：1）将实时促味剂传递与已知的涉及酒精依赖重要区域（如腹侧纹状体、前扣带皮层和额下回）的任务相结合；2）确定酒精依赖者与社交饮酒者相比，功能连接模式有何不同，以确定对预测酒精线索的自动和受控反应的机制。酒精依赖者和社交饮酒者将完成评估奖励敏感性的神经认知任务，同时进行功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI)，以确定受酒精依赖影响的大脑区域，并更好地了解酒精依赖者的功能连接模式可能有何不同。