Over-Arousal as a Mechanism between Alcohol and Intimate Partner Violence

描述(申请人提供)：我们认为酒精的使用与IPV的频率和严重程度的增加有关，这是由于酒精在醉酒的上升肢体期间引起的皮层和心理生理唤醒效应以及在BAC高峰期与暴力夫妇独特的行为和情感模式相结合而导致的过度唤醒过程。我们假设，与痛苦的非暴力(DNV)伴侣相比，痛苦的暴力(DV)伴侣在酒精影响下对唤起的伴侣刺激做出反应时，将更难调节情绪。因此，这项研究将利用脑电(EEG)、心理生理学和瞳孔反应测量来研究酒精对痛苦的暴力(DV)伴侣和痛苦的非暴力(DNV)伴侣在观看唤起伴侣刺激时调节情绪唤醒能力的影响。每对DV夫妇中的一个伴侣将被伪随机选择，并与DNV伴侣的同性和类似的关系痛苦相关联，以参与实验。为了验证过度唤醒是一种机制的总体假设，通过酒精与IPV频率和严重程度的增加有关，选定的伴侣将参加反平衡安慰剂治疗和酒精治疗治疗，在此期间，情绪调节任务期间将收集唤醒的脑电、心理生理学和瞳孔反应测量。这项研究包括一个刺激获取环节和两个情绪调节环节。在刺激获取过程中，用于情绪调节任务的伴侣刺激将通过研究人员促进的夫妻问题清单(CPI)对分歧的视频讨论来获取。将选择DV和DNV合作伙伴在情绪调节任务期间表现出蔑视、好斗、批评和防御性、阻碍和中立行为的视频片段。被选择的伙伴(DV，DNV)将在两个不同的场合返回实验室，以完成研究的情绪调节会议。参与者将饮用酒精饮料或安慰剂饮料(平衡酒精和安慰剂条件)，并完成情绪调节任务，在此期间将显示唤起和中性刺激片段。数据将使用带有受试者之间因素的重复测量ANOVA进行分析。我们预计，在唤起刺激中，DV伴侣将比DNV伴侣体验到更大的唤醒。我们还预计，与DNV伴侣相比，DV伴侣在唤起刺激时更难调节情绪，而且这种影响在饮酒期间会加剧。这项研究的发现将提供确凿的证据，证明酒精与IPV有关，IPV是过度唤醒的机制。此外，这些过程可以通过生物反馈和神经反馈等方法进行新的治疗干预，以增加DV夫妇的行为灵活性，减少饮酒和IPV。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We believe that alcohol use is related to the increase in frequency and severity of IPV through a process of over-arousal resulting from the cortically and psycho physiological arousing effects of alcohol during the ascending limb of intoxication and at peak BAC compounded by the unique behavioral and affective patterns of violent couples. We hypothesize that distressed violent (DV) partners will have greater difficulty regulating emotion in response to evocative partner stimuli under the influence of alcohol compared to distressed nonviolent (DNV) partners. As such, this study will utilize electroencephalography (EEG), psychophysiology and pupillary response measures to investigate the effects of alcohol on the ability to regulate emotional arousal when viewing evocative partner stimuli in distressed violent (DV) partners compared to distressed nonviolent (DNV) partners. One partner from each DV couple will be pseudo-randomly selected and yoked to a DNV partner of the same sex and comparable relationship distress for participation in the experiment. To test the overall hypothesis that over-arousal is a mechanism through which alcohol is associated with increases in the frequency and severity of IPV, the selected partners will participate in a counter-balanced placebo session and alcohol administration session during which EEG, psychophysiology and pupillary response measurements of arousal will be collected during an emotion regulation task. The study is comprised of one Stimuli Acquisition Session and two Emotion-Regulation Sessions. During the Stimuli Acquisition Session, partner stimuli for use in the emotion-regulation task will be acquired through a video-taped discussion of a disagreement via the researcher facilitated Couple's Problem Inventory (CPI). Segments of the videos will be selected where the DV and DNV partners display Contempt, Belligerence, Criticism, and Defensiveness, Stonewalling and neutral behaviors for presentation to the partner during the emotion regulation task. The selected partners (DV, DNV) will return to the laboratory on two separate occasions for the completion of the Emotion-Regulation Sessions of the study. Participants will consume either an alcohol beverage or placebo beverage (counter-balanced alcohol and placebo conditions) and complete the emotion-regulation task during which evocative and neutral stimulus clips will be shown. The data will be analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with a between-subjects factor. We expect that DV partners will experience significantly greater arousal than DNV partners during evocative stimuli. We also expect that DV partners will experience greater difficulty regulating emotion during evocative stimuli than DNV partners and that this effect will be compounded during alcohol administration. Findings from this study will provide firm evidence that alcohol is associated with IPV a mechanism of over-arousal. Furthermore, these are processes that are amenable to novel therapeutic intervention via methods such as biofeedback and neurofeedback to increase behavioral flexibility and reduce drinking and IPV in DV couples.