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Brain Structural and Functional Predictors of Adolescent Alcohol Use

青少年饮酒的脑结构和功能预测因子

基本信息

批准号：
8718764
负责人：
Lindsay Squeglia
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-01 至 2014-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8718764
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Age Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcoholism Alcohols Algorithms Anterior Inferior Frontal Convolution Behavior Brain Brain imaging Brain region Child Clinical assessments Communication Criminal Justice Decision Making Development Drunk driving Family history of Female Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Gender Healthcare Heavy Drinking Image Imaging Techniques Inferior Investigation Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maintenance Marijuana Multimodal Imaging Neurobiology Neurocognitive Neurologic Neuropsychological Tests Outcome Paper Parietal Personality Prevention program Preventive Intervention Problem behavior Process Public Health Reaction Reporting Research Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Risk Marker Risk-Taking Sampling Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Staging Structure Synapses System Techniques Teenagers Testing Thick Tissues Unsafe Sex Violence Visual adolescent binge drinking base binge drinking cognitive function cost design drinking emerging adult follow-up forest frontal lobe gray matter heavy drinking during adolescence high risk indexing intervention program male neuroimaging parallel processing public health relevance relating to nervous system response substance using adolescents twelfth grade underage drinking

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neuroimaging studies have shown that extensive cortical maturation (e.g., reductions in gray matter cortical thickness) occurs during adolescence, which correspond to more efficient and mature brain functioning. These ongoing maturational processes parallel significant increases in adolescent risk taking, particularly binge drinking (i.e., >4 drinks for females, >5 drinks for males on one occasion), with almost 25% of high school seniors reporting binge drinking in the past 2 weeks [34]. Binge drinking is of great public health concern as it increases an adolescent's likelihood of engaging in other risky behaviors like drunk driving, riding with an impaired driver, violence, unsafe sex, and other substance use [40]. Proclivity to engage in risk taking behaviors such as binge drinking during adolescence appears to have a large neurobiological component, but the link between brain functioning and risky binge drinking has not been clearly defined. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in alcohol-naive adolescents' brain response might contribute to future substance use [41, 63], particularly reaction to tasks of working memory [7, 20, 68]. Understanding the neurological contribution to the initiation or substance use will help disentangle predisposing risk factors from insults incurred due to binge drinking and will help determine appropriate prevention and intervention techniques for adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this investigation is to prospectively examine brain structure using: (1) cortical thickness indices and (2) brain response to a working memory task using fMRI in a sizable longitudinal sample of adolescents (N>120), first studied before they have ever drank alcohol, to see if brain structure and function predispose adolescents to future heavy drinking. This research will clarify the effects of brain structure and functioning on initiating heavy drinking during adolescence, using advanced multimodal imaging techniques, and will identifying neural risk markers to target prevention and intervention efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经影像学研究表明，青春期期间皮质广泛成熟（例如，灰质皮质厚度减少），这对应于更有效和更成熟的大脑功能。这些持续的成熟过程与青少年冒险行为的显着增加同时发生，尤其是暴饮暴食饮酒（即女性一次喝超过 4 杯，男性一次喝超过 5 杯），近 25% 的高中生报告在过去 2 周内酗酒 [34]。酗酒是一个重大的公共卫生问题，因为它增加了青少年从事其他危险行为的可能性，例如醉酒驾驶、与不清醒的司机一起骑行、暴力、不安全性行为和其他药物使用[40]。青春期期间酗酒等冒险行为的倾向似乎具有很大的神经生物学成分，但大脑功能与危险的酗酒之间的联系尚未明确界定。新出现的证据表明，未曾饮酒的青少年大脑反应异常可能会导致未来的药物使用 [41, 63]，特别是对工作记忆任务的反应 [7, 20, 68]。了解神经系统对开始或物质使用的贡献将有助于解开因酗酒而造成的侮辱的诱发危险因素，并将有助于为青少年确定适当的预防和干预技术。因此，本研究的目的是前瞻性地检查大脑结构，使用：（1）皮质厚度指数和（2）使用功能磁共振成像对大量青少年纵向样本（N>120）进行工作记忆任务的大脑反应，在他们饮酒之前首先进行研究，以了解大脑结构和功能是否会使青少年在未来酗酒。这项研究将利用先进的多模态成像技术，阐明大脑结构和功能对青春期酗酒的影响，并确定神经风险标记物，以进行预防和干预工作。