Relationship of Prefrontal GABA to Inhibitory Mechanisms for Response Preparation

前额叶 GABA 与反应准备抑制机制的关系

• 批准号: 8624150
• 负责人: RICHARD IVRY
• 金额: $ 19.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8624150
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Animals; Architecture; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavioral inhibition; Computer software; Dorsal; Exhibits; Forms Controls; Gilles de la Tourette syndrome; Human; Impairment; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Laboratories; Lateral; Light; Link; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Evoked Potentials; Motor Pathways; Movement; Neurotransmitters; Participant; Physiological; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Process; Protocols documentation; Reaction Time; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Role; Saccades; Sampling; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Spinal; Subgroup; System; Testing; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Variant; Work; behavior measurement; frontal lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; in vivo; indexing; neurochemistry; neurophysiology; novel; novel strategies; operation; physical property; premature; prevent; programs; public health relevance; response; tool

Project Summary This R21 proposal aims to employ a magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) protocol to examine the relationship between the inhibitory neurotransmitter, ¿-aminobutyric acid (GABA), in the frontal cortex and motor system dynamics during the selection and initiation of movements as measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex. TMS studies conducted in the PI's laboratory have dissociated two inhibitory mechanisms that contribute to the selection and initiation of responses. One mechanism helps to resolve competition among co-activated responses and is associated with lateral prefrontal cortex. The other mechanism helps prevent impulsive execution of a selected response and is associated with dorsal premotor cortex. However, the relationship of these two inhibitory processes to levels of GABA within their associated frontal cortical regions has not been investigated. The proposed project will investigate this relationship through the study of individual differences at the neurochemical and neurophysiological level. The project represents a new research direction for the PI, yet is highly feasible. The PI is an expert on the motor system and the use of TMS as a tool for investigating the dynamics of response preparation. The co-investigator Dr. Richard Maddock is an expert in the use of MRS methods, specifically for measuring GABA. With Dr. Maddock's guidance, and the recent installation of MRS software at UC Berkeley, the infrastructure is in place for this work.

项目摘要 此R21提案旨在使用磁共振波谱(MRS)协议来检查 额叶皮质抑制性神经递质氨基丁酸(GABA)与神经递质的关系 经颅测量运动选择和启动过程中的运动系统动力学 运动皮质磁刺激(TMS)。在PI的实验室进行的TMS研究已经解除了 有助于选择和启动反应的两种抑制机制。一种机制有助于 解决共同激活的反应之间的竞争，并与外侧前额叶皮质相关。另一个 机制有助于防止冲动地执行选定的反应，并与背部前运动相关联 大脑皮层。然而，这两个抑制过程与其相关的GABA水平之间的关系 额叶皮质区域尚未被调查。拟议的项目将通过以下方式调查这种关系 在神经化学和神经生理学水平上对个体差异的研究。该项目代表着一个 为PI提供了新的研究方向，但具有很高的可行性。PI是电机系统和电动汽车使用方面的专家 TMS作为研究反应准备动态的工具。合作调查员理查德博士 马多克是使用MRS方法的专家，特别是在测量GABA方面。与马多克医生的 指南，以及最近在加州大学伯克利分校安装的MRS软件，基础设施已经到位 工作。