Minority Physicians and Research Careers: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior

少数族裔医生和研究职业：应用计划行为理论

• 批准号: 8678951
• 负责人: Edward Krupat
• 金额: $ 33.13万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-23 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8678951
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attitude; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral Sciences; Career Choice; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Data Sources; Education; Future; Goals; Influentials; Intervention; Intrinsic factor; Knowledge; Medical; Medical Students; Mentors; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Physicians; Planning Theory; Play; Population; Prospective Studies; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Retrospective Studies; Rewards; Role; Scientist; Social Sciences; Students; Surveys; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Training; Underrepresented Minority; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight; Work; career; cohort; experience; graduate student; innovation; medical schools; member; pre-clinical; primary outcome; programs; prospective; racial and ethnic; research study; response; science education; skills; social; success; theories; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For several decades, the National Institutes of Health has recognized the importance of developing a diverse workforce of biomedical researchers. Yet relatively little is known about the reasons that attract URM medical students and physicians to enter research careers. The proposed study has the primary aim of addressing this knowledge gap, with the broader goal of informing interventions to address this national need. The project will bring together a diverse, interdisciplinary team of researchers and educators with great depth and breadth of experience. In contrast to prior non-theoretical research efforts, we propose to apply a well-respected social science model, the Theory of Planned Behavior, to guide this research. The project has two parts: 1) a prospective study of four cohorts of Harvard Medical School (HMS) students from the entering classes of 2009-2012 (n=660), and 2) a retrospective study of four cohorts of HMS graduates after they have completed all their training, the graduating classes of 1996-1999 (n=703). The prospective study takes advantage a previously planned curricular change at HMS: With the entering class of 2011, all HMS students will be required to complete a mentored research project. We propose to study the last two cohorts entering under the old requirement and the first two cohorts under the new. Moreover, we will survey each of the four cohorts longitudinally, at the end of their pre-clinical basic science education and at the end of their principal clinical year. The primary outcome will be percentage of effort devoted to research, in the form of intentions for students and reported actual effort for graduates. We predict that identification with the HMS culture will be closely related to research career choice for URM students; that research career intentions will be higher for all students under the new requirements; and that the factors that affect students will be different at the end of their second year versus third year. The project has sufficient statistical power to address the major aims. To overcome an inherent limitation of the prospective study (intentions rather than actual choices can be studied), the retrospective survey will be conducted in parallel on graduates of the same medical school. By having multiple data sources (students and graduates) about motives for choice, as well as data about both intentions and actual choices, we can cross-validate our findings and offer a clearer picture of the determinants of research career paths as affected by racial/ethnic background, attitudes, and prior experience. Our findings will guide future programs on how to attract more URM medical students into research careers in biomedical and behavioral sciences.

描述(由申请人提供)：几十年来，美国国立卫生研究院已经认识到培养多样化的生物医学研究人员队伍的重要性。然而，人们对吸引URM医学生和医生进入研究职业生涯的原因知之甚少。拟议的研究的主要目的是解决这一知识差距，更广泛的目标是为满足这一国家需求的干预措施提供信息。该项目将汇集一支多样化的、跨学科的研究人员和教育工作者团队，他们具有丰富的深度和广度的经验。与以前的非理论研究相比，我们建议应用一个备受推崇的社会科学模型--计划行为理论来指导这项研究。该项目包括两个部分：1)对哈佛医学院(HMS)2009-2012届新生(n=660)的四个队列的前瞻性研究；以及(2)对哈佛医学院(HMS)毕业生完成所有培训后的四个队列(1996-1999届)的回顾研究(n=703)。这项前瞻性研究利用了HMS之前计划的课程变化：随着2011级的入学，HMS的所有学生都将被要求完成一个有指导的研究项目。我们建议研究在旧要求下加入的最后两个群体和在新要求下加入的前两个群体。此外，我们将在他们的临床前基础科学教育结束时和主要临床年度结束时对四个队列中的每个人进行纵向调查。主要结果将是投入研究的努力的百分比，以学生的意图和毕业生的实际努力的形式表示。我们预测，对HMS文化的认同将与URM学生的研究职业选择密切相关；在新要求下，所有学生的研究职业意愿将会更高；影响学生的因素将在二年级和三年级结束时有所不同。该项目有足够的统计能力来实现主要目标。为了克服前瞻性研究的固有局限性(可以研究意图而不是实际选择)，将对同一医学院的毕业生进行平行的回溯性调查。通过拥有关于选择动机的多个数据来源(学生和毕业生)，以及关于意图和实际选择的数据，我们可以交叉验证我们的发现，并提供受种族/民族背景、态度和先前经验影响的研究职业道路决定因素的更清晰的图景。我们的发现将指导未来的项目如何吸引更多的URM医学生进入生物医学和行为科学的研究职业。

项目成果

Factors associated with physicians' choice of a career in research: a retrospective report 15 years after medical school graduation.

与医生在研究职业中选择相关的因素：医学院毕业后15年的回顾性报告。

• DOI: 10.1007/s10459-016-9678-5
• 发表时间: 2017-03
• 期刊: ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Krupat, Edward;Camargo, Carlos A., Jr.;Strewler, Gordon J.;Espinola, Janice A.;Fleenor, Thomas J., Jr.;Dienstag, Jules L.
• 通讯作者: Dienstag, Jules L.