Enhanced endophyte:poplar system for remediation of organic contaminants

增强内生菌：用于修复有机污染物的杨树系统

• 批准号: 8546383
• 负责人: MICHAEL J BLAYLOCK
• 金额: $ 46.09万
• 依托单位: EDENSPACE SYSTEMS CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-08 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8546383
• 关键词: Address; Area; Bacteria; Biomass; Breeding; Carcinogens; Cells; Chemistry; Climate; Cost Analysis; Cost Savings; Data; Development; Environmental Engineering technology; Environmental Pollution; Evaluation; Excision; Exhibits; Government; Growth; Health; Human; Hydroponics; Individual; Industry; Laboratories; Life; Methods; Microbe; Military Personnel; Performance; Persons; Phase; Plant Roots; Plants; Poison; Production; Pump; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Soil; Solvents; Specificity; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Transgenic Organisms; Transplantation; Trees; Trichloroethylene; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Washington; Water; Work; cost; disease registry; fungus; genetic manipulation; hepatotoxin; improved; new technology; novel; organic contaminant; phenanthrene; pollutant; prevent; receptor; remediation; response; superfund site; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Trichloroethylene (TCE), one of the most common groundwater pollutants, is a known hepatotoxin and carcinogen. It has been widely used by industry and the military as a solvent and degreaser. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, more than eight hundred Superfund sites in the United States are contaminated with TCE. Poplar, which can accumulate and degrade TCE, is an attractive plant for phytoremediation of TCE and other organic contaminants due to its high growth rate, extensive root system, high rates of water uptake from the soil, and ease of genetic manipulation. While transgenic poplar for improved TCE degradation has been successfully field tested, there are significant regulatory and breeding hurdles preventing the large-scale use of this technology. Recently, researchers have determined the potential of endophytes, symbiotic bacteria and fungi that live within plant cells, to break down organic contaminants and improve the phytoremediation capability of non-transgenic plants. Unlike other microbes that have been used for phytoremediation, endophytes live within the plant and therefore are expected to persist better at the site, continuing to degrade TCE as long as their plant partner survives. Dr. Sharon Doty, partner on the Phase I research and Phase II proposal, isolated a bacterial strain from poplar growing in sites contaminated with TCE and other organic pollutants that exhibited high rates of TCE degradation. Phase I results demonstrated the ability of this bacterial endophyte to persist in the roots of poplar trees and significantly enhance the degradation of TCE compared to control poplar. In Phase II, the field testing of this TCE bacterial endophyte will be accomplished at two TCE-contaminated sites for removal of TCE from groundwater compared to control poplar. In addition, the inclusion of a bacterial endophyte recently identified as a PAH degrader will also be tested in separate poplars and in those also inoculated with the TCE endophyte to determine the efficiency of this endophyte to degrade PAHs in the presence and absence of TCE. Because poplar is also a potential biomass energy crop, the potential use of the biomass for biopower or biofuel production following remedial activities will be investigated. Upon successful completion of this SBIR project, Edenspace will partner with Geosyntec, Inc., a leading environmental engineering firm, to introduce this novel technology to the remediation industry.

描述（由申请人提供）：三氯乙烯（TCE）是一种已知的肝毒素和致癌物，是最常见的地下水污染物之一。它已广泛用于工业和军事作为溶剂和脱脂剂。根据有毒物质和疾病登记处的数据，美国有超过800个超级基金场所受到TCE的污染。杨树生长速度快、根系粗大、土壤吸水率高、易于遗传操作，具有累积和降解TCE的能力，是修复TCE和其他有机污染物的理想植物。虽然转基因杨树改善TCE降解已经成功地进行了田间试验，但存在重大的监管和育种障碍，阻碍了该技术的大规模使用。最近，研究人员已经确定了植物细胞内的内生菌、共生细菌和真菌在分解有机污染物和提高非转基因植物的植物修复能力方面的潜力。与其他用于植物修复的微生物不同，内生菌生活在植物内部，因此有望在现场更好地持续存在，只要它们的植物伴侣存活，就会继续降解TCE。第一阶段研究和第二阶段提案的合作伙伴Sharon Doty博士从生长在受TCE和其他有机污染物污染的地方的杨树中分离出一种细菌菌株，这些地方的TCE降解率很高。I期试验结果表明，该细菌内生菌能够在杨树根部持续存在，与对照杨树相比，显著提高了TCE的降解能力。在第二阶段，将在两个TCE污染的地点完成该TCE细菌内生菌的现场测试，与对照杨树相比，从地下水中去除TCE。此外，最近发现了一种细菌内生菌