Neurobiological Substrates of Social Behavior: A Neuroeconomic Framework

社会行为的神经生物学基础：神经经济框架

• 批准号: 8641424
• 负责人: Ming Hsu
• 金额: $ 30.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8641424
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Affect; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain region; Cognitive; Computer Simulation; Data; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Disease Marker; Dopamine; Economics; Emotional; Employee Strikes; Evolution; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Game Theory; Goals; Health; Heart; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Legal patent; Lesion; Literature; Measures; Medial; Memory; Mental disorders; Methodology; Modeling; Motor; Neurobiology; Patients; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Race; Research Personnel; Rewards; Role; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Source; Suggestion; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Testing; Weight; Work; base; behavior measurement; behavior test; behavioral impairment; brain behavior; computer framework; cooperative study; frontal lobe; motivational processes; multidisciplinary; neuroeconomics; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropsychiatry; novel; preference; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current proposal aims to study neural mechanisms of social learning in healthy adults as a precursor to understanding the impact of mental illnesses on social functioning. Changes in social behavior are often the first symptoms of a striking array of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, whereas disruptions in memory, motor, or emotional functioning are readily recognized as symptoms of more serious underlying conditions, decision-making deficits are often overlooked, particularly in the social domain. Furthermore, there exist few behavioral measures or biomarkers to quantify such deficits, due in part to our limited knowledge of the underlying neural mechanisms and their relation to mental disorders. We do so via a tight integration of computational modeling of goal-directed social behavior, and testing the predictions generated using complementary experimental techniques with both fMRI and focal lesion patients. In particular, we focus on the role of dopamine and interactions between the basal ganglia and frontal cortices, which are together critical for goal-directed behavior and known to be affected in a variety of disorders. First, we will use the model, calibrated on observed behavior, to derive trial-by-trial regressors for use in functional neuroimaging experiments. Second, the estimated parameters of the model themselves can be used to compare across health and diseased groups, or find subtypes of the diseased groups. Finally, the neural correlates and the behavioral estimates can be combined in order to find novel brain-behavior markers of diseases. In this way, we seek to provide a unifying account of goal-directed behavior in both social and non- social settings, which has the potential to lead to development of new ways of classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures.

描述（由申请人提供）：当前提案旨在研究健康成年人社会学习的神经机制，作为了解精神疾病对社会功能影响的先导。社会行为的变化往往是一系列引人注目的神经精神疾病的首发症状。然而，虽然记忆、运动或情感功能的破坏很容易被认为是更严重的潜在疾病的症状，但决策缺陷却常常被忽视，特别是在社交领域。此外，很少有行为测量或生物标志物来量化这种缺陷，部分原因是我们对潜在的神经机制及其与精神障碍的关系了解有限。我们通过紧密集成目标导向的社会行为的计算模型，并测试使用功能磁共振成像和局灶性病变患者的补充实验技术生成的预测来实现这一目标。我们特别关注多巴胺的作用以及基底神经节和额叶皮质之间的相互作用，这对于目标导向的行为至关重要，并且已知会受到多种疾病的影响。首先，我们将使用根据观察到的行为进行校准的模型来推导出用于功能神经影像实验的逐次试验回归量。其次，模型本身的估计参数可用于比较健康组和患病组，或查找患病组的亚型。最后，可以将神经相关性和行为估计结合起来，以找到新的疾病大脑行为标记。通过这种方式，我们寻求对社会和非社会环境中的目标导向行为提供统一的解释，这有可能导致开发基于可观察行为和神经生物学测量维度的精神障碍分类新方法。