Twin, molecular, and developmental approaches to understanding alcohol misuse

理解酒精滥用的双生、分子和发育方法

• 批准号: 8606719
• 负责人: DANIELLE M DICK
• 金额: $ 12.11万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-01 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8606719
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alabama; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Architecture; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Conduct Disorder; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Dependence; Development; Development Plans; Diagnosis; Disease; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Funding; General Population; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Home environment; Impulsivity; Independent Scientist Award; Individual; Interview; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Methodology; Minority; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Mothers; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Neighborhoods; Oppositional Defiant Disorder; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peer Group; Peer Review; Phenotype; Population; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Request for Applications; Research; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sales; Sampling; Social support; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Susceptibility Gene; Symptoms; Temperament; Testing; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; Virginia; Youth; addiction; adolescent substance use; alcohol misuse; alcohol related problem; alcohol research; alcohol use disorder; anti social; base; career; career development; clinical Diagnosis; cohesion; cohort; conduct problem; design; deviant; early childhood; early onset substance use; externalizing behavior; genetic analysis; genetic association; genetics of alcoholism; genome wide association study; high risk; high school; indexing; parental monitoring; peer; population based; pregnant; programs; pubertal timing; public health relevance; racial difference; research and development; risk variant; self esteem; stem; teacher; trait; underage drinking; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Integrating Twin, Molecular, and Developmental Approaches to Understanding Alcohol Misuse: This application requests funding for a five year K02 award, with the overarching goal of developing an interdisciplinary program of research aimed at advancing our understanding of how genetic influences impact the development of alcohol use disorders. This will be accomplished by integrating findings across twin studies, gene identification projects, and longitudinal, community-based samples. The research plan has three broad aims: (1) To use twin studies to characterize the nature of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol use and related disorders, with focus on (a) studying the changing influence of genetic effects as a function of the environment and across development, and (b) understanding how genetic influences impact the phenotypic spectrum of risk associated with alcohol use disorders. The second aim (2) is to identify genes involved in alcohol use and related phenotypes. The third aim (3) is to characterize the risk associated with identified genes using community-based samples of individuals studied longitudinally, to test how the effect associated with specific genes may change across development and in conjunction with specific environmental factors. These aims will be accomplished by integrating data across several of my funded projects: two population-based twin samples, FinnTwin12 and the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use disorders; two gene identification projects: the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism and the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of Alcohol Dependence; and three longitudinal, community-based samples: the Child Development Project, a study of ~500 children followed annually from age 5-25; the Mobile Youth Study, an on-going study of African-American children ages 10-18 from high-risk, impoverished neighborhoods; and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, an epidemiological cohort of ~10,000 children enrolled from a geographically-limited region in the UK, and assessed repeatedly (minimally yearly) prenatally through young adulthood. Accordingly, this project integrates findings across a number of research approaches, using results from twin studies about the nature of genetic influences (Aim 1) to develop hypotheses to test about the risk associated with specific genes (identified in Aim 2) in longitudinal, community samples (Aim 3). Together, these studies will synergize to advance our understanding of how genetic and environmental factors come together to influence to the development of alcohol problems. To inform my ability to conduct the proposed analyses, focused career development is proposed in two new content areas: (i) early childhood risk factors for alcohol problems, and (ii) racial differences in risk factors for alcohol problems, and two methodological areas: (i) GWAS methodology, and (ii) longitudinal data analyses. These stem directly from my funded projects and represent expansions to my current areas of expertise in alcohol research.

描述(由申请人提供)：综合双胞胎、分子和发育方法了解酒精滥用：这项申请要求为一个为期五年的K02奖提供资金，首要目标是开发一个跨学科的研究计划，旨在促进我们对遗传影响如何影响酒精使用障碍发展的理解。这将通过整合双胞胎研究、基因鉴定项目和基于社区的纵向样本的研究结果来实现。该研究计划有三个广泛的目标：(1)利用双胞胎研究来描述遗传和环境对酒精使用和相关障碍的影响的性质，重点是(A)研究遗传效应作为环境的函数和跨发育的变化影响，以及(B)了解遗传影响如何影响与酒精使用障碍相关的风险表型谱。第二个目标(2)是识别与饮酒有关的基因和相关的表型。第三个目标(3)是使用纵向研究的基于社区的个体样本来表征与已识别基因相关的风险，以测试与特定基因相关的影响如何在发育过程中以及与特定环境因素相结合地改变。这些目标将通过整合我资助的几个项目的数据来实现：两个基于人群的双胞胎样本，FinnTwin12和弗吉尼亚成人双胞胎精神和药物使用障碍研究；两个基因识别项目：酒精中毒遗传学合作研究和酒精依赖受爱尔兰影响的兄弟姐妹研究；以及三个纵向的、基于社区的样本：儿童发展项目，一项对大约500名5-25岁儿童的研究；流动青年研究，一项正在进行的对高危贫困社区10-18岁的非裔美国儿童的研究；以及雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究，这是一个流行病学队列，来自英国一个地理有限的地区，由大约10,000名儿童组成，并在成年前(至少每年一次)重复评估。因此，该项目整合了多个研究方法的结果，使用关于遗传影响性质的双胞胎研究结果(目标1)来制定假设，以测试纵向社区样本(目标3)中与特定基因(目标2中确定的)相关的风险。总之，这些研究将协同推进我们对遗传和环境因素如何结合在一起影响酒精问题发展的理解。为了使我有能力进行拟议的分析，提议在两个新的内容领域进行重点职业发展：(1)酒精问题的幼儿期风险因素，(2)酒精问题风险因素的种族差异，以及两个方法领域：(1)全球教育、科学和文化研究方法，和(2)纵向数据分析。这些项目直接来自我资助的项目，代表着对我目前酒精研究专业领域的扩展。