Taxi Particulate Matter Study (Zhang/Jans)

出租车颗粒物研究（Zhang/Jans）

• 批准号: 8919665
• 负责人: KAREN HUBBARD
• 金额: $ 11.82万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-26 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8919665
• 关键词: Address; Admission activity; Air; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Biochemical Markers; Biological Markers; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Carbon Black; Carcinogens; Cardiopulmonary; Chemicals; Cities; Communities; Community Outreach; Control Groups; Data; Diesel Exhaust; Education; Education and Outreach; Epigenetic Process; Exhalation; Exposure to; Genes; Health; Home environment; Hospitals; Hour; Immigrant; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Intervention; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Mass Fragmentography; Measures; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Metals; Methods; Methylation; Monitor; New York; New York City; Nitrates; Nitrites; Occupational; Oxidative Stress; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Physiological; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Publications; Randomized; Research; Research Training; Risk; Smoking; System; Translational Research; Work; abstracting; air filtration; anticancer research; atmospheric aerosols; cancer risk; clinical Diagnosis; comparison group; cost; cytokine; design; high efficiency particulate air filter; mortality; never smoker; peer; programs; research study; respiratory; screening; shift work; trafficking; volatile organic compound

Abstract There are approximately 240,000 U.S. taxi/limousine drivers in the U.S.(1). New York City (NYC) is home to 42,000 taxi drivers, 84% of whom are immigrants (2). NYC taxi drivers work long hours (10-12 h/d shifts, ~6d/wk), often in heavy traffic (2). Exposure to high levels of respirable particulate matter (PM) Is closely linked to increased hospital admissions, lung cancer risk and mortality, and respiratory and cardiopulmonary mortality (3-9). Two studies have demonstrated high lung cancer prevalence among professional drivers, after adjusting for smoking, suggesting an association with PM exposure (10, 11). In a reanalysis of the Harvard Six Cities Study, each 10 upsilon g/m 3 increase in PM2.5 exposure was associated with an adjusted increased risk of all-cause mortality of 14% (95% Cl: 7, 22), and with a 37% (95% Cl: 7, 75) increase in lung cancer mortality (12). A 26- year prospective study found that each 10 upsilon g/m 3 increase in PM2.5 (PM <2.5 pm) exposure is associated with a 15-27% increase in lung cancer mortality among never-smokers (3). Taxi Particulate matter Study (TIPS) Is a community-engaged T1-T4 translational research study for at-risk taxi drivers in NYC. TIPS will address the following key research questions: 1) the extent to which excess PM exposure is associated with adverse changes in physiologic and biochemical markers, by comparing drivers with a driver-nominated non-taxi-driver peer comparison group; 2) the effect of an in-taxi HEPA filtration intervention on decreasing PM exposure and associated biomarker levels among taxi drivers randomized to the HEPA intervention in comparison with taxi drivers randomized to a control group. Participating taxi drivers will be randomized with a 1:1 ratio into either the control condition or the HEPA filter intervention condition. A third, driver-nominated matched peer reference group will serve as non-taxi-driver controls.

摘要 美国大约有24万名出租车/豪华轿车司机。（一）.纽约市是 42，000名出租车司机，其中84%是移民。纽约市出租车司机工作时间长（每天10-12小时轮班， ~6d/wk），常在交通繁忙时（2）。接触高水平的可吸入颗粒物（PM）与此密切相关 入院率、肺癌风险和死亡率以及呼吸和心肺死亡率的增加 （3-9）。两项研究表明，在调整后，职业司机中肺癌的患病率较高。 吸烟，这表明与PM暴露（10，11）。在重新分析哈佛六城时 研究表明，PM2.5暴露量每增加10微克/立方米， 死亡率为14%（95% CI：7，22），肺癌死亡率增加37%（95% CI：7，75）（12）。一个26- 一项为期一年的前瞻性研究发现，PM2.5（PM <2.5 pm）暴露量每增加10 g/m3， 不吸烟者肺癌死亡率增加15-27%（3）。的士粒子研究是一项 社区参与的T1-T4转化研究，针对纽约市有风险的出租车司机。TIPS将解决 以下关键研究问题：1）在何种程度上过量的PM暴露与 生理和生化标志物的不利变化，通过比较驾驶员与驾驶员提名 非出租车司机同行比较组; 2）出租车内HEPA过滤的效果 减少出租车司机PM暴露和相关生物标志物水平的干预措施 随机分配到HEPA干预组，与随机分配到对照组的出租车司机进行比较。 参与的出租车司机将以1：1的比例随机分为对照组和对照组。 HEPA过滤器干预条件。第三，司机提名的匹配同行参考小组将提供服务 作为非出租车司机的对照。