Neural Correlates of Infant Attention and Action

婴儿注意力和行动的神经相关性

• 批准号: 8675269
• 负责人: DANIELA MARIE CORBETTA
• 金额: $ 14.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8675269
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive; Decision Making; Development; Early identification; Electroencephalography; Event-Related Potentials; Eye; Goals; Hand; Human; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Life; Light; Link; Maps; Measures; Memory; Methodology; Methods; Motor Activity; Motor Skills; Movement; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Procedures; Process; Production; Psychophysiology; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Scanning; Technology; Testing; Time; Variant; Visual; Visual attention; arm; base; grasp; indexing; infancy; infant monitoring; innovation; insight; interest; novel; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; sample fixation; stimulus processing; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The major objective of the proposed research is to develop and test a completely novel methodology to study infant cognition and action using multiple levels of recording and analysis. Infant visual attention toward graspable objects will be measured using eye-tracking technology combined with event-related potential (ERP) measures during visual inspection and immediately prior to reaching for the object. Of particular interest will be the relationship between neural activity and visual scanning in planning and executing successful reaches. 4.5- and 9-month-old infants will be tested to provide insights into the early development of controlled reaching. Aim 1 examines interrelationships between infant visual scanning patterns (measured with eye-tracking) and event- related potential correlates of infant visual attention during visual inspection of an object prior to reaching. It is predicted that olde infants will demonstrate greater integration of looking and reaching behavior than younger infants, and that infants will demonstrate greater consistency in looking and reaching behavior on attentive trials than inattentive trials (as indexed with ERP measures). Aim 2 examines the impact of visual scanning, and attention on the planning and execution of goal-directed behavior by identifying "pre-reaching" ERP components occurring immediately preceding the initiation of reaching movements. It is predicted that a pre- reaching component associated with voluntary initiation of reaching will be identified in the ERP that will be greater in amplitude on trials in which infants demonstrate consistency in looking and reaching behavior (representing planned reaches) than on trials in which looking and reaching are inconsistent (representing reactive reaching). Aims 1 and 2 will be addressed in a single experiment composed of simultaneous measurement of infant visual scanning, ERPs, and analysis of reaching behavior. Research utilizing these approaches has traditionally been conducted across parallel but separate research programs. Integrating these approaches into a single study will produce findings which will shed light on the attentional processes involved in action planning and execution, an aspect of infant behavior that has never been investigated before. The development of a feasible approach to simultaneous measurement of infant visual scanning, neural activity, and motor behavior will represent a major advance in the sophistication of psychophysiological tools available for research with preverbal infants.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的主要目标是开发和测试一种全新的方法，使用多级记录和分析来研究婴儿认知和行为。婴儿对可抓握物体的视觉注意力会 在目视检查期间以及在接触物体之前，使用眼动追踪技术结合事件相关电位 (ERP) 测量进行测量。特别令人感兴趣的是神经活动和视觉扫描在规划和执行成功到达时之间的关系。我们将对 4.5 个月和 9 个月大的婴儿进行测试，以深入了解控制伸手的早期发展。目标 1 检查婴儿视觉扫描模式（通过眼动追踪测量）与婴儿在到达之前目视检查物体期间视觉注意力的事件相关潜在相关性之间的相互关系。据预测，与年幼的婴儿相比，年龄较大的婴儿将表现出更多的观察和伸手行为的整合，并且与注意力不集中的试验相比，婴儿在注意力集中的试验中将表现出更大的观察和伸手行为的一致性（以 ERP 测量为索引）。目标 2 通过识别在触及动作开始之前立即发生的“触及前”ERP 组件，检查视觉扫描的影响以及对目标导向行为的规划和执行的关注。据预测，ERP 中将确定与自愿开始接触相关的接触前成分，该成分在 2019 年的试验中幅度将更大。 与观察和伸手不一致的试验（代表反应性伸手）相比，婴儿在观察和伸手行为上表现出一致性（代表计划伸手）。目标 1 和 2 将在一个实验中得到解决，该实验包括同时测量婴儿视觉扫描、ERP 和伸手行为分析。传统上，利用这些方法的研究是在并行但独立的研究项目中进行的。将这些方法整合到一项研究中将产生的结果将揭示行动计划和执行中涉及的注意力过程，这是婴儿行为的一个方面，以前从未被研究过。开发一种同时测量婴儿视觉扫描、神经活动和运动行为的可行方法将代表着可用于研究前语言婴儿的心理生理学工具的复杂性的重大进步。