Violence Screening in College Health Centers

描述（由申请人提供）：在大学健康中心的暴力筛查：预测和错过的机会项目摘要亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和性暴力（SV）是女大学生的重要公共卫生问题。年龄在18-25岁之间的女大学生，与男性、其他年龄组的女性以及不在大学校园的同龄女性相比，更有可能经历SV。除SV外，IPV的发病率也最高。每年约有130万至530万妇女经历IPV。IPV和SV对健康有直接影响，如伤害和死亡，性传播感染，意外怀孕和心理困扰。长期健康影响包括慢性疼痛、胃肠道疾病、焦虑、偏头痛、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍。这一问题的重要性反映在以下事实中：七个“2020年健康人”目标侧重于减少IPV和SV（目标：青少年健康11.4，伤害和暴力预防39.1-3和40.1-3）。根据大学医疗保健提供者（HCP）的报告，不到37%的大学医疗中心在常规摄入表格中包括SV问题;不到50%的大学HCP在妇科就诊时评估SV。亲密伴侣暴力筛查的发生频率甚至低于性暴力筛查。虽然一些描述性研究已经在选择的环境中检查了IPV和SV筛查（例如，OB/GYN，初级保健），都完全依赖于HCP的自我报告，没有包括大学健康中心。因此，为了制定干预措施，以促进接受常规IPV和SV筛查建议，在大学卫生中心，拟议的研究将利用横断面定量调查设计，从HCP和大学女性的角度探讨IPV/SV筛查，并确定促进或阻碍大学HCP的IPV和SV筛查行为的因素。对于目标1，我们将研究妇女的经验与IPV/SV筛选预约在大学健康中心。目标2将检查大学HCP的报告IPV/SV筛查行为和筛查相关的态度，信念，意图和组织因素的看法，促进或抑制IPV/SV筛查。最后，目标3将比较大学HCP和女大学生报告的IPV/SV筛查率。在这个理论驱动的建议的结论，我们将扩大我们的理解IPV/SV筛查从HCP和大学女生的角度来看，并将确定干预发展的可修改和不可修改的因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Violence screening in college health centers: Predictors and missed opportunities Project Summary Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) are significant public health issues for female college students. Female college students, ages 18-25, are significantly more likely to experience SV, compared to men, women of other age groups, and same age women who are not on college campuses. In addition to SV, the highest rates of IPV are also found in this age group. Approximately 1.3 to 5.3 million women experience IPV each year. IPV and SV have immediate health effects such as injuries and death, sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and psychological distress. Long-term health effects include chronic pain, gastrointestinal disorders, anxiety, migraine headaches, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The significance of the problem is reflected in the fact that seven "Healthy People 2020" objectives focus on reducing IPV and SV (objectives: Adolescent Health 11.4, Injury and Violence Prevention 39.1-3 & 40.1-3). According to college health care providers' (HCPs) reports, fewer than 37% of college health centers include SV questions in routine intake forms; less than 50% of college HCPs assess for SV during gynecologic visits. Intimate partner violence screening occurs even less often than sexual violence screening. Although a few descriptive studies have examined IPV and SV screening in select settings (e.g., OB/GYN, primary care), all relied exclusively in HCP self-report and none included college health centers. Thus, in order to develop interventions to promote the uptake of routine IPV and SV screening recommendations, in college health centers, the proposed study will utilize a cross-sectional quantitative survey design to explore IPV/SV screening from the perspectives of both HCPs and college women, and identify factors that promote or impede college HCPs' IPV and SV screening behaviors. For Aim 1, we will examine women's experiences with IPV/SV screening in appointments at college health centers. Aim 2 will examine college HCPs' reports of IPV/SV screening behaviors and screening-related attitudes, beliefs, intentions, and perceptions of organizational factors that promote or inhibit IPV/SV screening. Finally, Aim 3 will compare the IPV/SV screening rates reported by college HCPs and female college students. At the conclusion of this theoretically driven proposal we will have expanded our understanding of IPV/SV screening from the perspectives of both HCPs and college women, and will have identified modifiable and non-modifiable factors for intervention development.