The genomic basis for adaptation to a fungal pathogen

适应真菌病原体的基因组基础

• 批准号: 8804186
• 负责人: Parvin Shahrestani
• 金额: $ 3.41万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-01 至 2015-08-17
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8804186
• 关键词: Aedes; Affect; Alleles; Anopheles Genus; Antifungal Agents; Bedbugs; Biological; Candidate Disease Gene; Categories; Competence; Culicidae; DNA Resequencing; Data; Dengue; Disease Vectors; Drosophila genus; Drosophila melanogaster; Employee Strikes; Evaluation; Evolution; Food; Gene Frequency; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Models; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Grooming; Health; Human; Immune; Immune system; Immunity; Infection; Insect Vectors; Insecta; Label; Malaria; Modeling; Mosquito Control; Mycoses; Pathway interactions; Performance; Population; Population Control; Predisposition; Resistance; Resistance to infection; Sampling; Shapes; Source; System; Testing; Tissues; Transgenic Organisms; Variant; base; food security; fungus; genome sequencing; human disease; insect disease; mutant; pathogen; population based; public health relevance; research study; resistance mechanism; response; sexual dimorphism; vector mosquito

Project Summary The present project will determine the genomic basis for evolved resistance to Beauvaria bassiana in the genetic model insect, Drosophila melanogaster. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as B. bassiana, are used in biological control of mosquito vectors of dengue fever and malaria, and of other insect pests, such as bedbugs and those that affect food security. However, mechanisms of insect resistance to fungal entomopathogens are poorly understood. Understanding resistance has additional implications for human health because of strong homology between insect and mammalian innate immune systems. An "evolve and resequence" approach will be applied to determine the genetic basis for evolved resistance to fungal infection in Drosophila. D. melanogaster will be artificially selected for increased resistance to B. bassiana in very large, replicated experimental populations. The pre-selection source population will be derived from a cosmopolitan sample of D. melanogaster representing common natural variation worldwide. Whole-genome sequence data will be collected from selected and control populations at multiple intermediate generations throughout the selection regime, allowing observation of the temporal trajectory of adaptive alleles. It is expected that the response to selection will primarily derive from standing genetic variation, so these allele frequency dynamics will illustrate the poorly understood "soft sweep" mode of adaptation in natural populations. This study will determine mechanistic factors that shape antifungal defense, including elucidation of the basis for a striking sexual dimorphism in resistance, and will serve as a general model of adaptive evolution.

项目总结