Defining the microbiota's response to and influence on the evolution of Drosophila melanogaster

定义微生物群对果蝇进化的反应和影响

基本信息

项目摘要

Understanding the mechanisms of fast adaptive evolution has direct applications to healthcare. But there remains a major gap in the field: associated microorganisms (‘microbiota’), a key potential contributor to animal adaptive evolution are often entirely ignored in evolution studies. The continued existence of this gap is problematic because microbiota can directly affect host health-related traits. Indeed, many animal traits that can evolve in response to laboratory selection can also be influenced by the microbiota. Moreover, when populations undergo laboratory selection for divergence in health-related traits, they also become differentiated in their microbiota. The long-term goal of this project is to define the role of microorganisms in animal evolution. The overall objective is to explain how animals select on their microbiota during evolution and how variation or constancy in the microbiota affects animal evolution. Our central hypothesis is that microbiota affect and are affected by animal evolution. This hypothesis is supported by our preliminary results using a system of experimentally-evolved Drosophila melanogaster (laboratory fruit fly) populations. Thus, the rationale for the proposed project is that we have a demonstrably high-powered and unique system in which we can answer questions about causation when determining the role of microbiota in host evolution. We will achieve our overall objective through two specific aims. Preliminary results show that populations of D. melanogaster selected for fast development have higher abundance of gut microbes but are nearly devoid of the endosymbiont Wolbachia compared to controls; in Aim 1.1 we hypothesize that host genetic control of Wolbachia is under strong and constant selection in these populations. In Aim 1.2 we will determine whether the evolution in host traits drives the changes to the microbiota, or vice versa in a laboratory selection experiment. Aims 2.1 and 2.2 will also use the laboratory selection approach to test if bacterial functions can affect selection pressures acting on hosts, and to what extent variation or constancy of the microbiota affect host rate of evolution. Our approach is innovative because it evolves an animal under bacteria-controlled conditions and extends correlation to causation. The significance of this project is that it will explain how host evolution impacts and depends on the microbiota and determine to what extent microbiota can influence selection pressures experienced by hosts. This project will support research opportunities for undergraduate and Master’s students.
了解快速适应进化的机制对医疗保健有直接的应用。但

项目成果

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Parvin Shahrestani其他文献

Parvin Shahrestani的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Parvin Shahrestani', 18)}}的其他基金

The genomic basis for adaptation to a fungal pathogen
适应真菌病原体的基因组基础
  • 批准号:
    8804186
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 41.27万
  • 项目类别:

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利用合成生物学对醋杆菌进行工程改造以改善其工业特性
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    1980068
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    2017
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利用合成生物学对醋杆菌进行工程改造以改善其工业特性
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固氮醋酸杆菌:一种固氮小麦的新方法
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    2002
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Acetobacter diazotrophicus: a novel approach in pursuit of N2 fixing wheat
固氮醋酸杆菌:一种固氮小麦的新方法
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固氮醋酸杆菌:一种固氮小麦的新方法
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Xyliman 醋杆菌生产纤维素纳米纺丝过程的直接可视化
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固氮醋杆菌(一种甘蔗内生菌)促进植物生长:固氮、植物激素产生和定植过程的研究
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醋杆菌属乙酸细菌固有的负责乙酸氧化的酶
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U.S.-Brazil Cooperative Research: Genetic Analysis of Nitrogen Fixation in Acetobacter diazotrophicus, an Endophyte of Sugar Cane
美国-巴西合作研究:甘蔗内生菌固氮醋杆菌固氮的遗传分析
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