Drinking and Driving Among Recent Latino Immigrants

最近拉丁裔移民的酒后驾驶

• 批准号: 8636799
• 负责人: Mario R De La Rosa
• 金额: $ 19.34万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-05 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8636799
• 关键词: 21 year old; Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adoption; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Americas; Attitude; Automobile Driving; Awareness; Behavior; Complex; Data; Driving While Intoxicated; Drug Kinetics; Drug usage; Environment; Evaluation; Event; Family; Female; Florida; Foundations; Future; Gender; Group Identifications; Heterogeneity; Illicit Drugs; Immigrant; Immigration; Latino; Laws; Legal; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Motor Vehicles; One-Step dentin bonding system; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Policies; Prevalence; Prevention program; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk-Taking; Role; Running; Seat Belts; Shapes; Socioeconomic Status; Speed; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; Target Populations; Translating; alcohol effect; base; cohesion; demographics; design; drinking; driving behavior; drugged driving; experience; impaired driving performance; male; public health relevance; risk perception; social capital; stem; success; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Latinos have been consistently overinvolved in alcohol-related motor-vehicle fatal crashes. The evidence suggests that although Latinos do not drink and drive more often than their White counterparts, they nevertheless appear to be overinvolved in DWI arrests and alcohol-related fatal crashes. Of particular relevance is the role that immigration plays in shaping the prevalence of Latinos in DWI events. Some authors have argued that immigrants, particularly recent immigrants, are less likely to recognize the impairing effects of alcohol and to understand the legal environment and consequences of drinking and driving. Other authors have argued that undocumented immigrants, in their attempts to remain "under the radar," are actually some of the safest drivers in America. How do Latinos in general and recent immigrants in particular perceive the risks of driving impaired (crash involvement and being arrested) and how such risk perception translates into actual drinking and driving, as well as into the adoption of specific countermeasures such as the designated driver (DD) concept is unclear. Such a lack of understanding stems from the complexities involved in performing research on Latinos, recent immigrants in particular. Difficulties in accessing that group (especially in undocumented), obtaining pre- immigration information are two of the many factors that have delayed research on this group. This proposed study will take advantage of a 5-year longitudinal study that has been collecting data on pre- and post- immigration factors that influence the alcohol and illicit drug use behaviors of recent male and female Latino immigrants to Florida, to acquire the much-needed information about their drinking-driving behaviors. The broad aim of this exploratory effort is to acquire much-needed information about the extent of the drinking- and-driving problem among recent Latino immigrants to Florida (if any), both legal and undocumented. Specifically, this study proposes: 1) To examine current (post-immigration) prevalence of drinking and driving, associated risk perceptions (risk of crash involvement, risk of being arrested), the understanding of drinking-and-driving laws, and the awareness and implementation of the DD concept among recent Latino immigrants to Florida. 2) To examine the likelihood that recent Latino immigrants to Florida will be involved in an alcohol-related impaired driving, as it is influenced by pre- and post-immigration factors and risk perceptions. 3) To estimate the prevalence of drugged-driving among recent Latino immigrants to Florida. The information to be acquired not only will be relevant per se, but also will be crucial to guide further research efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：拉丁美洲人一直过度参与与酒精有关的机动车致命事故。证据表明，虽然拉丁美洲人不喝酒和驾驶比他们的白色同行更频繁，但他们似乎过度参与DWI逮捕和酒精相关的致命碰撞。特别相关的是，移民在塑造DWI事件中拉丁美洲人的流行方面发挥的作用。一些作者认为，移民，特别是最近的移民，不太可能认识到酒精的损害作用，也不太可能了解酒后驾车的法律的环境和后果。其他作者认为，非法移民，在他们试图保持“在雷达下”，实际上是一些最安全的司机在美国。一般来说，拉丁美洲人，特别是新移民如何看待驾驶受损的风险（撞车和被捕），以及这种风险认知如何转化为实际的酒后驾驶，以及如何采取具体的对策，如指定司机（DD）的概念尚不清楚。这种缺乏了解的情况源于对拉丁美洲人，特别是新移民进行研究的复杂性。难以接近该群体（特别是无证件者），获得移民前信息是推迟对该群体研究的众多因素中的两个。这项拟议的研究将利用一项为期5年的纵向研究，该研究一直在收集影响最近到佛罗里达的男性和女性拉丁裔移民的酒精和非法药物使用行为的移民前和移民后因素的数据，以获得有关他们酒后驾驶行为的急需信息。这项探索性工作的广泛目标是获得急需的信息，了解最近到佛罗里达的拉丁裔移民（如果有的话）酒后驾车问题的严重程度，包括法律的和无证移民。具体而言，本研究提出：1）检查当前（移民后）酒后驾车的流行率，相关的风险认知（撞车风险， 被逮捕），对酒后驾车法律的理解，以及最近到佛罗里达的拉丁裔移民对DD概念的认识和实施。 2)为了研究最近的拉丁裔移民到佛罗里达将参与酒精相关的受损驾驶的可能性，因为它是由前和移民后的因素和风险认知的影响。第三章 估计最近移民到佛罗里达的拉丁裔中毒驾的流行率。获得的信息不仅本身具有相关性，而且对指导进一步的研究工作至关重要。