Drinking and Driving Among Recent Latino Immigrants

最近拉丁裔移民的酒后驾驶

• 批准号: 8636799
• 负责人: Mario R De La Rosa
• 金额: $ 19.34万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-05 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8636799
• 关键词: 21 year old; Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adoption; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Americas; Attitude; Automobile Driving; Awareness; Behavior; Complex; Data; Driving While Intoxicated; Drug Kinetics; Drug usage; Environment; Evaluation; Event; Family; Female; Florida; Foundations; Future; Gender; Group Identifications; Heterogeneity; Illicit Drugs; Immigrant; Immigration; Latino; Laws; Legal; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Motor Vehicles; One-Step dentin bonding system; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Policies; Prevalence; Prevention program; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk-Taking; Role; Running; Seat Belts; Shapes; Socioeconomic Status; Speed; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; Target Populations; Translating; alcohol effect; base; cohesion; demographics; design; drinking; driving behavior; drugged driving; experience; impaired driving performance; male; public health relevance; risk perception; social capital; stem; success; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Latinos have been consistently overinvolved in alcohol-related motor-vehicle fatal crashes. The evidence suggests that although Latinos do not drink and drive more often than their White counterparts, they nevertheless appear to be overinvolved in DWI arrests and alcohol-related fatal crashes. Of particular relevance is the role that immigration plays in shaping the prevalence of Latinos in DWI events. Some authors have argued that immigrants, particularly recent immigrants, are less likely to recognize the impairing effects of alcohol and to understand the legal environment and consequences of drinking and driving. Other authors have argued that undocumented immigrants, in their attempts to remain "under the radar," are actually some of the safest drivers in America. How do Latinos in general and recent immigrants in particular perceive the risks of driving impaired (crash involvement and being arrested) and how such risk perception translates into actual drinking and driving, as well as into the adoption of specific countermeasures such as the designated driver (DD) concept is unclear. Such a lack of understanding stems from the complexities involved in performing research on Latinos, recent immigrants in particular. Difficulties in accessing that group (especially in undocumented), obtaining pre- immigration information are two of the many factors that have delayed research on this group. This proposed study will take advantage of a 5-year longitudinal study that has been collecting data on pre- and post- immigration factors that influence the alcohol and illicit drug use behaviors of recent male and female Latino immigrants to Florida, to acquire the much-needed information about their drinking-driving behaviors. The broad aim of this exploratory effort is to acquire much-needed information about the extent of the drinking- and-driving problem among recent Latino immigrants to Florida (if any), both legal and undocumented. Specifically, this study proposes: 1) To examine current (post-immigration) prevalence of drinking and driving, associated risk perceptions (risk of crash involvement, risk of being arrested), the understanding of drinking-and-driving laws, and the awareness and implementation of the DD concept among recent Latino immigrants to Florida. 2) To examine the likelihood that recent Latino immigrants to Florida will be involved in an alcohol-related impaired driving, as it is influenced by pre- and post-immigration factors and risk perceptions. 3) To estimate the prevalence of drugged-driving among recent Latino immigrants to Florida. The information to be acquired not only will be relevant per se, but also will be crucial to guide further research efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：拉丁美洲人一直在与酒精相关的汽车致命崩溃中持续过度参与。证据表明，尽管拉丁美洲人的饮酒和开车频率不如白色同行，但它们似乎在DWI逮捕和与酒精有关的致命坠机事故中似乎过于参与。特别相关的是，移民在塑造拉丁美洲人在DWI事件中的普遍性中所扮演的作用。一些作者认为，移民，特别是最近的移民，不太可能认识到酒精的损害影响，也不太了解饮酒和驾驶的法律环境和后果。其他作者认为，无证件移民试图“在雷达下”，实际上是美国最安全的驾驶员。拉丁美洲人在一般和最近最近的移民中如何看待驾驶受损的风险（崩溃和被捕），以及这种风险感知如何转化为实际饮酒和驾驶，以及采用诸如指定驾驶员（DD）概念之类的特定对策的采用。缺乏理解的原因是对拉丁美洲人进行研究的复杂性，尤其是最近移民。访问该组的困难（尤其是在无证件中），获得移民信息是延迟对该组研究的众多因素中的两个。这项拟议的研究将利用一项为期5年的纵向研究，该研究一直在收集有关移民前和移民后因素的数据，这些研究影响了最近的男性和女性拉丁裔移民到佛罗里达州的酒精和非法毒品使用行为，以获取有关其饮酒行为的急需的信息。这项探索性工作的广泛目的是在最近的拉丁裔移民（如果有的话）（如果有的话）中获取有关饮酒和驾驶问题程度的急需的信息，这些信息是法律和无证件的。具体而言，本研究建议：1）检查饮酒和驾驶的当前（移民后）患病率，相关的风险感知（发生崩溃的风险 被捕），对饮酒法律的理解以及最近拉丁裔移民到佛罗里达州的DD概念的意识和实施。 2）检查近期拉丁裔移民将参与与酒精有关的驾驶的可能性，因为它受到移民前和移民后因素和风险看法的影响。 3） 估计最近拉丁裔移民到佛罗里达州的毒品驾驶的流行。要获得的信息本身本身是相关的，而且对于指导进一步的研究工作至关重要。