Using Mobile Technology to Understand and Encourage Mindfulness for Smoking Cessa

使用移动技术了解和鼓励吸烟的正念 Cessa

• 批准号: 8754409
• 负责人: Claire Adams Spears
• 金额: $ 12.54万
• 依托单位: CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8754409
• 关键词: Abstinence; Affect; Affective; Aftercare; Americas; Attenuated; Biometry; Cessation Research; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Cognitive Therapy; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Doctor of Philosophy; Educational workshop; Engineering Psychology; Environment; Equipment; Feasibility Studies; Goals; Health; Health Technology; Healthcare; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Minority Groups; Morbidity - disease rate; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Psychology; Public Health; Quality of life; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reading; Relapse; Research; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Scientist; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Text; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Treatment Effectiveness; Underserved Population; Universities; Withholding Treatment; Work; base; career; design; emotion regulation; experience; handheld mobile device; health disparity; improved; innovation; interest; low socioeconomic status; mHealth; member; mindfulness; mortality; multilevel analysis; novel; prevent; professor; programs; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; skills; smoking cessation; statistics; treatment as usual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Although most smokers indicate interest in quitting, only 6% quit each year. Mindfulness-based interventions show promise for improving smoking cessation; however, underlying mechanisms are unclear. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research on mindfulness and smoking cessation in underserved populations (i.e., members of racial/ethnic minority groups and individuals with low socioeconomic status [SES]), who often have greater difficulty quitting smoking and experience profound tobacco-related health disparities. Mobile health technology ("mHealth") is revolutionizing healthcare and might be used to elucidate mechanisms underlying mindfulness and enhance mindfulness-based interventions for smoking cessation. Claire Adams, Ph.D., an Assistant Professor of Psychology at the Catholic University of America (CUA), is seeking five years of support through the K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award for training and research related to mindfulness, mHealth, advanced statistics, and health disparities research. Dr. Adams' overarching career goals are to inform, develop, evaluate, and disseminate mindfulness- based interventions to promote smoking cessation, prevent cancer and other chronic diseases, and enhance well-being in diverse populations. Through the proposed training plan, Dr. Adams will expand her knowledge and skills with regard to mindfulness, smoking cessation, and health disparities research. In order to fill important gaps in her experience thus far, she will gain specialized training related to mHealth and the advanced statistics necessary for analyzing multi-level and longitudinal data. Dr. Adams will work with her mentoring team (led by Dr. David Wetter and comprising experts in fields of psychology, engineering, public health, and biostatistics) to complete formal coursework, specialized workshops, and directed readings. Primary research aims are to: 1) utilize advanced statistics and mHealth technology to determine mechanisms through which mindfulness influences smoking cessation, and 2) design and test the feasibility of a mHealth-enhanced mindfulness-based intervention for smoking cessation. Toward the first aim, Dr. Adams will learn and apply advanced multilevel modeling techniques to determine mechanisms underlying mindfulness and smoking cessation in three existing datasets that include diverse samples of smokers. Toward the second aim, Dr. Adams will work with her mentoring team to develop and test the feasibility of a mindfulness-based smoking cessation treatment that is supplemented by between-session text messaging. This program aims to deliver personalized intervention to participants in their natural environments and in the moments when they might benefit most. Findings from this feasibility study will inform and provide pilot data for an R01 application of a larger randomized controlled trial. Dr. Adams will conduct the proposed work at CUA, which will provide space, time, equipment, and other resources for research and training. The proposed research will be the first known to use mobile technology to examine mechanisms underlying mindfulness and smoking, as well as the first known study to use text messaging to enhance mindfulness- based smoking cessation. Furthermore, all proposed studies will target racially/ethnically diverse and low-SES populations (who are at disproportionate risk for tobacco-related health disparities and have not typically served as participants in mindfulness research). Research findings could be critical in moving forward the scientific study of mindfulness, improving patient outcomes in smoking cessation interventions, preventing cancer and other chronic diseases, and improving quality of life in diverse and underserved populations. The proposed training and research plan would launch Dr. Adams as an independent clinical scientist who conducts multidisciplinary research to inform, develop, evaluate, and disseminate innovative mindfulness- based interventions to improve health in diverse populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，烟草使用是可预防的发病和死亡的主要原因。尽管大多数吸烟者表示有戒烟的兴趣，但每年只有6%的人戒烟。以正念为基础的干预措施有望改善戒烟；然而，潜在的机制尚不清楚。此外，缺乏对服务不足人群（即种族/少数民族群体成员和社会经济地位较低的个人[SES]）的正念和戒烟的研究，他们往往更难以戒烟，并且经历着与烟草相关的严重健康差异。移动医疗技术（“移动医疗”）正在彻底改变医疗保健，可用于阐明正念的潜在机制，并加强基于正念的戒烟干预措施。克莱尔·亚当斯博士是美国天主教大学（CUA）的心理学助理教授，她正在通过K23指导患者导向研究职业发展奖寻求五年的支持，用于与正念、移动健康、高级统计和健康差异研究相关的培训和研究。亚当斯博士的总体职业目标是告知、发展、评估和传播基于正念的干预措施，以促进戒烟，预防癌症和其他慢性疾病，并提高不同人群的福祉。通过拟议的培训计划，亚当斯博士将扩大她在正念、戒烟和健康差异研究方面的知识和技能。为了填补她迄今为止经验中的重要空白，她将获得与移动健康相关的专业培训，以及分析多层次和纵向数据所需的高级统计。亚当斯博士将与她的指导团队（由大卫·维特博士领导，由心理学、工程学、公共卫生和生物统计学领域的专家组成）一起完成正式的课程作业、专门研讨会和指导阅读。主要研究目的是：1)利用先进的统计和移动健康技术来确定正念影响戒烟的机制，2)设计和测试移动健康增强的基于正念的戒烟干预的可行性。为了实现第一个目标，亚当斯博士将学习并应用先进的多层次建模技术，以确定三个现有数据集（包括不同的吸烟者样本）中正念和戒烟的潜在机制。为了实现第二个目标，亚当斯博士将与她的指导团队合作，开发并测试一种以正念为基础的戒烟疗法的可行性，这种疗法在治疗间隙通过发短信来补充。该项目旨在为参与者提供个性化的干预，在他们的自然环境中，在他们可能最受益的时刻。这项可行性研究的结果将为R01应用于更大的随机对照试验提供信息和试点数据。Adams博士将在CUA进行拟议的工作，这将为研究和培训提供空间、时间、设备和其他资源。这项拟议中的研究将是已知的第一个使用移动技术来检查正念和吸烟的潜在机制的研究，也是已知的第一个使用短信来增强正念戒烟的研究。此外，所有拟议的研究都将针对种族/民族多样化和低社会经济地位人群（他们面临与烟草相关的健康差异的不成比例的风险，并且通常不是正念研究的参与者）。研究结果对于推进正念的科学研究、改善患者戒烟干预措施的结果、预防癌症和其他慢性疾病以及改善不同和服务不足人群的生活质量至关重要。拟议的培训和研究计划将使亚当斯博士成为一名独立的临床科学家，他进行多学科研究，以告知、开发、评估和传播创新的基于正念的干预措施，以改善不同人群的健康。