Diverging Marijuana Use Trajectories in Black & White Men: Antecedents & Outcomes

黑色大麻使用轨迹的分歧

• 批准号: 8824501
• 负责人: STEPHANIE D STEPP
• 金额: $ 21.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8824501
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent marijuana use; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Brain; Childhood; Chronic; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Grant; Health; Heavy Drinking; Illicit Drugs; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Life; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Marijuana; Marriage; Medical; Mental Health; Methods; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Outcome; Paper; Participant; Pattern; Prevalence; Prevention; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Policy; Race; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Source; Structure; Subgroup; Teenagers; Thick; Time; Tobacco use; Violence; Youth; anti social; antisocial behavior; base; boys; cohort; design; deviant; early adolescence; emerging adult; follow-up; gray matter; illegal behavior; male; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana user; men; neuroimaging; peer; prevent; programs; prospective; psychosocial; psychosocial adjustment; racial difference; response; social; socioeconomics; white matter; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Marijuana is the most commonly used and abused illicit drug in the U.S. The prevalence of marijuana use (MU) increases across adolescence, peaks in the early 20s, and gradually declines thereafter. However, there is considerable individual variability in developmental trajectories of MU, with some adolescents continuing to use marijuana into early adulthood and others desisting from MU over time. While several studies have examined factors that predict MU during adolescence, little is known about the processes that promote or hinder desistance from MU into adulthood. Additionally, few studies have characterized the adverse adult outcomes associated with divergent trajectories of MU, including potential impairments in brain structure and function that may result from frequent use in adolescence. Moreover, most studies on teen MU have focused on predominately White samples, making it unclear whether the findings can be extrapolated to Black teens. This proposal will address these limitations by leveraging data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study (PYS), a prospective longitudinal study that includes 1009 boys in two cohorts followed from childhood (age 6) or early adolescence (age 12) into young adulthood (age 28 or 35). The aims are to: 1) Characterize the developmental course of MU from adolescence to adulthood and examine the risk/protective factors and early adult positive life events that influence MU in Black and White males; 2) Document the link between different developmental trajectories of MU and adult psychosocial adjustment in Black and White males; and 3) Examine the association between frequent adolescent MU and abnormalities in brain structure and function in adulthood. State-of-the-art analysis will identify varying trajectories of MU from early adolescence to adulthood. Path analysis will assess the processes by which early antisocial risk and pro social protective factors influence trajectories of MU, and determine whether positive adult life events influence deviations from ongoing MU trajectories. The adverse adult psychosocial outcomes associated with developmental patterns of MU will also be delineated. Across these analyses, we will explore potential differences in the patterns, precursors, and outcomes associated with MU in Black males relative to Whites, including examining what factors may help explain racial differences in MU. Finally, using a subsample of PYS youth who participated in a neuroimaging study (N=171), we will determine whether frequent adolescent MU is associated with gray and white matter brain abnormalities in adulthood, and brain function deficits while processing emotional cues and receiving rewards. The pioneering papers generated from this project will help to identify developmentally salient and culturally appropriate risk/protective factors that should be targeted by programs designed to prevent chronic MU. They will also elucidate the potential negative psychosocial and neurobiological consequences associated with different trajectories of MU, which can be incorporated into motivational enhancement interventions for marijuana using teens and inform public policies regarding the legalization of marijuana for medical use.

描述(申请人提供)：大麻是美国最常用和最滥用的非法药物。大麻使用(MU)的流行率在青春期增加，在20岁出头达到顶峰，之后逐渐下降。然而，MU的发展轨迹存在相当大的个体差异，一些青少年在成年早期继续使用大麻，另一些青少年随着时间的推移停止使用MU。虽然有几项研究考察了预测青春期MU的因素，但对促进或阻碍MU从成年期到成年期的死亡的过程知之甚少。此外，很少有研究表征与MU的不同轨迹相关的不良成人结局，包括可能因青春期频繁使用而导致的大脑结构和功能的潜在损害。此外，大多数关于青少年MU的研究都集中在以白人为主的样本上，这使得这些发现是否可以推论到黑人青少年身上还不清楚。这项建议将通过利用匹兹堡青年研究(Pys)的数据来解决这些限制，Pys是一项前瞻性纵向研究，包括两个队列中的1009名男孩，从童年(6岁)或青春期早期(12岁)到成年后(28岁或35岁)。研究的目的是：1)描述黑猩猩从青春期到成年期的发展过程，考察影响黑猩猩MU的危险/保护因素和早期积极生活事件 2)记录黑人和白人男性MU的不同发展轨迹与成年心理社会适应之间的联系；以及3)研究频繁的青少年MU与成年后大脑结构和功能异常之间的联系。最先进的分析将确定MU从青春期早期到成年的不同轨迹。路径分析将评估早期反社会风险和亲社会保护因素影响MU轨迹的过程，并确定积极的成人生活事件是否影响偏离正在进行的MU轨迹。与MU的发展模式相关的不良成人心理社会后果也将被描绘出来。通过这些分析，我们将探索与黑人男性和白人男性MU相关的模式、先兆和结果的潜在差异，包括检查哪些因素可能有助于解释MU的种族差异。最后，使用参与神经成像研究的Pys青年的一个子样本(N=171)，我们将确定频繁的青春期MU是否与成年后脑灰质和白质异常以及在处理情绪线索和接受奖励时的脑功能缺陷有关。该项目产生的开创性论文将有助于确定在发展上突出的和文化上适当的风险/保护因素，这些因素应该成为旨在预防慢性MU的计划的目标。他们还将阐明与MU的不同轨迹相关的潜在负面心理社会和神经生物学后果，这些后果可纳入针对青少年使用大麻的激励性加强干预措施，并为有关医用大麻合法化的公共政策提供信息。