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Social Ties and Health: Aggregating Data from Five Viral-Challenge Trials

社会关系与健康：汇总五项病毒挑战试验的数据

基本信息

批准号：
8848764
负责人：
SHELDON A COHEN
金额：
$ 26.27万
依托单位：
CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-08-01 至 2018-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8848764
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Age Aggressive behavior Alcohol consumption Antibodies Anxiety Archives Area Behavioral Biological Biological Aging Biology Blood Pressure Body Temperature Buffers Cardiovascular system Characteristics Clinical Common Cold Communities Complete Blood Count Data Data Aggregation Data Set Databases Detection Development Discipline Disease Endocrine Family member Feeling Friends Goals Health Healthcare Heart Rate Host resistance Individual Infection Inflammation Inflammatory Response Intervention Interview Introversion Knowledge Link Literature Loneliness Lung Marital Status Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Medical Mental Depression Monitor Morbidity - disease rate Outcome Participant Pathway interactions Personality Persons Physical activity Play Population Predisposition Prevention Psychosocial Factor Pulmonary Function Test/Forced Expiratory Volume 1 Questionnaires Race Research Research Personnel Resources Role Sample Size Seasons Signs and Symptoms Sleep Smoking Social Concepts Social Environment Social Interaction Social Network Social Perception Social support Socioeconomic Status Stress Structure Symptoms Techniques Testing Viral Virus Woman acute stress aged biological adaptation to stress cytokine design disorder risk effective intervention improved insight interest introvert knowledge base mortality physical conditioning primary outcome prospective psychologic psychological outcomes psychosocial pulmonary function respiratory response self esteem sex social social integration social model stressor trait volunteer

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposed project plans to produce, document and archive a data repository that combines final research data from 5 prospective viral-challenge studies (9 different viruses) focused on examining the roles of psychosocial factors in susceptibility to the common cold. In these unique studies, hypothesized predictor and mediating variables were assessed in healthy adults aged 18-55 years, who were then experimentally exposed to a virus that causes the common cold and monitored for development of infection and signs and symptoms of illness. Clinical illness (found in 40% of volunteers) was defined as both being infected and expressing signs and symptoms of disease. This design allowed the determination of whether variables of interest in a given study (e.g., stress, personality) predicted who developed a clinical cold following viral exposure. Merging the data from these 5 studies provides the opportunity to replicate analyses across two or more of the studies or combine data from any or all of the studies, allowing adequate power for detection of small effects and sophisticated tests of mediation and moderation. The first aim of this proposal is to use the combined data to address important questions about the role of social relationships in health. Both the quantity and quality of social relationships were assessed at baseline using both questionnaires and daily interviews over 6-14 days. Analysis of the aggregated dataset will be conducted to help identify (1) the types of social ties that matter most for health; (2) the unique mechanisms linking different types of social ties to health; (3) components of social relationships likely to be conducive to intervention; and (4) characteristics of individuals that make them more or less responsive to the influences of social ties. Second, in addition to these research aims, a major thrust of this application is to disseminate the combined data from these 5 studies to the broader scientific community. Although each study was designed to address a specific set of hypotheses, many variables were collected across the multiple studies in up to 1,400 participants. These included: standard control variables/covariates (e.g., age, sex, race, body mass, season, and specific antibody titer to the challenge virus); predictor and mediator variables such as measures of social relationships, stress, personality, affect, socioeconomic status, health practices, local cytokine response, and endocrine levels; and assessment of illness (colds) including viral-related biology and symptom/sign outcomes. Other outcomes common across studies included basal blood pressure, heart rate, and pulmonary function. Individual studies also included markers of biological aging and assessments of acute stress response. These unique and valuable data could be used to address numerous questions beyond those included in our research aims. Creating a centralized and publicly available online data repository will have the immediate effect of maximizing their worth to the scientific community. In the long term, findings derived from these data may provide insight into possible alternative targets for intervention that typically are not addressed using conventional medical techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：该拟议项目计划制作、记录和存档一个数据存储库，该数据存储库结合了 5 项前瞻性病毒挑战研究（9 种不同病毒）的最终研究数据，重点研究心理社会因素在普通感冒易感性中的作用。在这些独特的研究中，假设的预测变量和中介变量在 18-55 岁的健康成年人中进行了评估，然后他们通过实验暴露于引起普通感冒的病毒，并监测感染的发展以及疾病的体征和症状。临床疾病（40% 的志愿者中发现）被定义为既被感染又表现出疾病的体征和症状。这种设计可以确定给定研究中感兴趣的变量（例如压力、性格）是否可以预测谁在病毒暴露后患上临床感冒。合并这 5 项研究的数据提供了在两项或多项研究中重复分析或合并任何或所有研究的数据的机会，从而为检测小效应以及复杂的中介和调节测试提供了足够的能力。该提案的首要目标是利用综合数据来解决有关社会关系在健康中的作用的重要问题。社会关系的数量和质量均通过问卷调查和 6-14 天的每日访谈进行基线评估。对汇总数据集的分析将有助于确定 (1) 对健康最重要的社会关系类型； (2) 将不同类型的社会关系与健康联系起来的独特机制； (3)可能有利于干预的社会关系组成部分； (4) 个人的特征，使他们或多或少地对社会关系的影响做出反应。其次，除了这些研究目标之外，该应用程序的一个主要推动力是将这 5 项研究的综合数据传播到更广泛的科学界。尽管每项研究都是为了解决一组特定的假设而设计的，但多项研究中收集了多达 1,400 名参与者的许多变量。其中包括：标准控制变量/协变量（例如年龄、性别、种族、体重、季节和针对攻击病毒的特异性抗体滴度）；预测变量和中介变量，例如社会关系、压力、个性、情感、社会经济状况、健康习惯、局部细胞因子反应和内分泌水平的测量；疾病（感冒）评估，包括病毒相关生物学和症状/体征结果。研究中常见的其他结果包括基础血压、心率和肺功能。个别研究还包括生物衰老的标志和急性应激反应的评估。这些独特且有价值的数据可用于解决超出我们研究目标的众多问题。创建一个集中且公开的在线数据存储库将立即产生最大化其对科学界的价值的效果。从长远来看，从这些数据中得出的结果可能会提供对可能的替代干预目标的深入了解，而传统的医疗技术通常无法解决这些目标。