Monitoring the Future: Drug Use and Lifestyles of American Youth

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请寻求监测未来（MTF）研究的五年延续，这是一项始于1975年的正在进行的流行病学和病因学研究和报告项目。除了作为一项基础研究之外，MTF还成为美国青少年、大学生和年轻人和中年人使用非法药物、酒精和烟草的新趋势最依赖的信息来源之一。从2013年到2017年，每年将对全国代表性的8年级、10年级和12年级学生（每年400所学校约47,000名学生）进行调查。一个同伴小组的申请寻求继续的邮件跟踪调查高中毕业生在模态年龄19-30，35，40，45，50，现在55。(NIDA要求该研究像过去两轮一样，通过两项单独的申请继续寻求资金。 该研究的队列顺序纵向设计允许测量和区分三种类型的变化-年龄（发展），时期（历史）和队列。每一种都有不同的决定因素，MTF发现大多数药物都会发生这三种类型的变化。还监测了可能解释历史趋势和队列差异的因素。MTF旨在记录从青少年到中年的吸毒和相关态度的发展历史和后果，并确定有助于吸毒和吸毒者的变化和稳定的个人和背景特征以及社会角色转变。 相关态度。这项工作将扩展到新的年份，队列，并在此主要应用程序和伴随的后续应用程序的年龄。该研究将检查许多其他假设的心理，行为和药物使用的社会决定因素的重要性（包括态度和信仰，反广告，角色建模和访问），以及一系列潜在的后果（包括身心健康，地位获得，角色表现，药物滥用和依赖）。将评估一些政策变化的影响，包括新的FDA卷烟标签要求对青少年和年轻人的影响。研究人员将寻求几种新的方法，以增加其他研究人员对MTF数据的广泛使用。 这项研究的测量范围非常广泛，包括（a）50多类合法和非法药物，包括酒精和烟草的开始、使用和停止;（B）对其中许多药物的态度和信念，以及感知的可用性、同伴规范和榜样群体之间的规范;（c）其他行为和个人特征（少年犯罪、学校表现、计划、愿望等）;以及（d）关键社会环境（家庭、工作、学校）和社会角色地位、经历和转变的各个方面。研究结果将继续阐明从青春期到中年的药物使用情况，包括新药物的引入，这对政策、研究、治疗和预防议程有重大影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks a five-year continuation of the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, an ongoing epidemiological and etiological research and reporting project begun in 1975. In addition to being a basic research study, MTF has become one of the nations most relied upon sources of information on emerging trends in illicit drug, alcohol, and tobacco use among American adolescents, college students, and young and middle-aged adults. Nationally representative samples of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students (about 47,000 students in 400 schools per year) will be surveyed annually from 2013 to 2017. A companion panel application seeks continuation of the mail follow-up surveys of high school graduates at modal ages 19-30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and now 55. (NIDA requests that the study seek continuation funding through two separate applications as it has done in the last two rounds.) The study's cohort-sequential longitudinal design permits the measurement and differentiation of three types of change-age (developmental), period (historical), and cohort. Each has different determinants, and MTF finds all three types of change occur for most drugs. Factors that may explain historical trends and cohort differences also are monitored. MTF is designed to document the developmental history and consequences of drug use and related attitudes from adolescence through middle adulthood, and to determine the individual and contextual characteristics and social role transitions that contribute to change and stability in both use and related attitudes. This work will be extended to new years, cohorts, and ages under this main application and the companion follow-up application. The study will examine the importance of many other hypothesized psychological, behavioral, and social determinants of drug use (including attitudes and beliefs, counter- advertising, role-modeling, and access), as well as a range of potential consequences (including physical and psychological health, status attainment, role performance, and drug abuse and dependence). Impacts of some policy changes will be evaluated, including those of the new FDA cigarette labeling requirements on adolescents and young adults. The investigators will pursue several new approaches for increasing the already extensive use of MTF data by other investigators. The study's very broad measurement covers (a) initiation, use, and cessation for over 50 categories and sub-categories of licit and illicit drugs, including alcohol and tobacco; (b) attitudes and beliefs about many of them, as well as perceived availability, peer norms, and norms among role model groups; (c) other behaviors and individual characteristics (delinquency, school performance, plans, aspirations, etc.); and (d) aspects of key social environments (home, work, school) and social role statuses, experiences, and transitions. Results will continue to elucidate drug use from adolescence through middle adulthood-including the introduction of new drugs-with major implications for the policy, research, treatment, and prevention agendas.