Environmental Surveillance Core

环境监测核心(ESC)是计划在 流行病学、病媒生物学和寄生虫学项目。它提供了一个环境和空间环境 这些项目中使用的抽样设计和帮助确保这些项目良好的框架 彼此融合在一起。ESC使用各种空间注册的数据库，这些数据库链接在 地理信息系统(GIS)环境为其提供感知/冰层。例如，高分辨率 遥感(RS)数据用于列举和定位农村或城市周边的家庭 提供采样框架和代表性样本的环境(取决于采样需要) 进行基于人口的研究。这些环境数据也可以用来生成最新的 关于各种特征的信息，如交通网络以及温度和降水制度 在研究中的地区是无法获得的。ESC还将以下结果与 以人口为基础的研究，具有时空关联的环境数据，用于后续 这些项目进行分析，以确定与疟疾传播和疾病方面有关的因素。 此外，ESC可以提供新的、适当缩减的数据，以供个别项目测试 假说作为新的理论被提出。例如，ESC提供了生成 水在整个景观中的运动的水文模型，以确定水将在哪里积累。这个 ESC可以将模型结果与现场观测相结合，以确定最佳模型和数据输入，以 衡量疟疾风险的各种措施。ESC使用基于网络的系统来整合数据集 由项目负责人生成，并提供了一种将所有项目数据和 在单一环境中提供环境数据，以便进行数据传输和可视化。

The Environmental Surveillance Core (ESC) serves as a resource for fleld studies planned in the Epidemiology, Vector Biology and Parasitology projects. It provides an environmental and spatial context for sampling designs used in these projects and a framework to help ensure that these projects are well integrated with one another. The ESC uses various spatially registered data bases that are linked within a geographic information systems (GIS) environment to provide its sen/ice. For example, high resolution remotely sensed (RS) data are used to enumerate and locate households in either rural or periurban environments (depending on sampling needs) to provide both a sampling frame and representative samples for conducting population based studies. These environmental data also can be used to generate up to date information on various features, such as transportation networks, and temperature and precipitation regimes that are otherwise unavailable for the region under study. The ESC also links the outcomes of the population based studies with spatio-temporally associated environmental data that are used in subsequent analyses by the projects to identify factors associated with aspects of malaria transmission and disease. Additionally, the ESC can provide new, appropriately downscaled data for individual projects to test hypotheses as new theories are developed. For example, the ESC provides the ability to generate hydrologic models of water movement across the landscape to identify where water will accumulate. The ESC can combine the model results with field observations to identify the optimal model and data inputs, for various measures of malaria risk. The ESC uses a web-based system to incorporate the data sets generated by the project leaders and provide a mechanism both to link all the project data and the environmental data within a single context for data transfer and visualization.