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Urbanicity, Social Connectedness, and Depression in Older Adults: An Analysis of Two African Countries

老年人的城市化、社会联系和抑郁：对两个非洲国家的分析

基本信息

批准号：
9170232
负责人：
Dzifa Adjaye-Gbewonyo
金额：
$ 4.13万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-30 至 2017-08-25
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9170232
关键词：
Accounting Address Adult Affect Africa African Age Aging Alcohol or Other Drugs use Area Cities Communities Complex Country Data Data Analyses Elderly Environment Europe General Population Ghana Green space Growth Health Health Resources Heart Diseases Income Individual Infection Intervention Life Life Cycle Stages Life Expectancy Link Literature Location Major Depressive Disorder Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Modeling Morbidity - disease rate North America Older Population Outcome Pathway interactions Policies Population Population Density Population Sizes Poverty Prevalence Psyche structure Public Health Quality of life Research Risk Rural Social Interaction Social support Societies South Africa Staging Suicide Surveys Techniques Time Training Urbanization World Health Organization age group age related burden of illness cohesion design disability experience fertility improvement geriatric depression heart disease risk in utero interest low and middle-income countries mortality neighborhood disadvantage nutrition prevent public health relevance residence rural area social urban area

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Depression is a significant contributor to global morbidity and mortality and is the primary cause of disability worldwide. Depression accounts for the majority of suicides and also a considerable portion of heart disease. Living in urban settings has been linked to an increased risk of depression and other mental illnesses in numerous studies; however findings have varied and the mechanisms are not well understood. A number of possible contributing factors have been suggested, one being a reduction in social cohesion and social support in urban environments. Older adults are an age group that is more vulnerable to depression, which may be due in part to their greater likelihood of being socially isolated. As the world's population continues to age and with increasing urbanization in low- and middle-income countries, depression is likely to become a growing problem. Using data from African countries participating in the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE), the proposed research therefore seeks to explore the relationship between urbanicity, social connections, and depression among older adults. The study will specifically examine the association between current urban residence and depression and determine whether social cohesion and support explain this association. It will also assess whether urban residence across the life course and at different life stages is associated with depression. Lastly, it will determine whether the relationship between social support and depression varies across urban and rural locations. These aims will be studied through quantitative analyses involving modeling with latent variable and multilevel methods. The proposed research will provide training in advanced analytic techniques and aging-related mental health issues and will support the NIA's Initiative on Global Aging through cross-national research. Results of the study will contribute to understanding the social and contextual determinants of depression in older adults. It will also have important implications for individual and community-level interventions to address late life depression, as well as implications for urban planning policy to promote mental health and for the allocation of mental health resources across urban and rural areas.

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁症是全球发病率和死亡率的重要因素，也是全球残疾的主要原因。抑郁症占自杀的大多数，也占心脏病的相当一部分。生活在城市环境中在许多研究中，它与抑郁症和其他精神疾病的风险增加有关;然而，研究结果各不相同，其机制也没有得到很好的理解。人们提出了一些可能的促成因素，其中之一是城市环境中的社会凝聚力和社会支持减少。老年人是一个更容易患抑郁症的年龄组，部分原因可能是他们更有可能被社会孤立。随着世界人口继续老龄化，以及中低收入国家城市化程度的提高，抑郁症可能会成为一个日益严重的问题。因此，利用参与世界卫生组织（世卫组织）全球老龄化和成人健康研究（SAGE）的非洲国家的数据，拟议的研究旨在探索老年人的城市化，社会联系和抑郁症之间的关系。这项研究将专门研究目前的城市居住和抑郁症之间的联系，并确定是否社会凝聚力和支持解释这种联系。它还将评估整个生命过程和不同生命阶段的城市居住是否与抑郁症有关。最后，它将确定社会支持和抑郁症之间的关系是否在城市和农村地区有所不同。这些目标将通过定量分析研究，涉及建模与潜变量和多层次的方法。拟议的研究将提供先进的分析技术和与老龄化有关的心理健康问题的培训，并将通过跨国研究支持NIA的全球老龄化倡议。这项研究的结果将有助于了解老年人抑郁症的社会和背景决定因素。它还将对个人和社区一级的干预措施产生重要影响，以解决晚年抑郁症，以及对城市规划政策的影响，以促进心理健康和在城市和农村地区分配心理健康资源。