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Novel Aspects of Central Oxytocin Signaling Relevant to Mood/Anxiety Disorders

与情绪/焦虑障碍相关的中枢催产素信号的新方面

基本信息

批准号：
8888289
负责人：
CHARLES J FRAZIER
金额：
$ 37.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-02-15 至 2020-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8888289
关键词：
Acute Address Affect Agonist Anti-Anxiety Agents Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Area Autistic Disorder Behavioral Blood - brain barrier anatomy Brain Cell Nucleus Cells Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Coupled Data Development Disease Disinhibition Drug Kinetics Etiology Feedback Future Genetic Goals Hour Hypernatremia Hypothalamic structure Laboratories Literature Midbrain structure Modality Mood Disorders Moods Neurons Neuropeptides Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Output Oxytocin Oxytocin Receptor Pair Bond Paracrine Communication Peptides Phenotype Physiological Physiology Plasma Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Receptor Activation Regulation Relative (related person)Reporting Research Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Social Behavior Social Interaction Sodium Stress Structure Synapses Techniques Testing Therapeutic Agents Therapeutic Uses Work anxiety-like behavior autocrine base biological adaptation to stress generalized anxiety insight interest magnocellular neurophysiology neuropsychiatry novel novel strategies novel therapeutics paracrine paraventricular nucleus parvocellular presynaptic public health relevance response social anxiety stressor supraoptic nucleus tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant: Currently, centrally acting oxytocin receptor (OTR) agonists are generating considerable interest for their potential to be developed as novel therapeutics for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, and more generalized mood and anxiety disorders. Indeed, an extensive literature implicates centrally acting oxytocin in pair bonding and social interactions, and further highlights well noted potential for oxytocin to produce antidepressive and anxiolytic effects. Because oxytocin in the periphery is a very poor penetrator of the blood brain barrier, it is likely that this wide array of powerful central effect depends on oxytocin released by magnocellular neurosecretory neurons located in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus; the only central nuclei to produce oxytocin in abundance. Oxytocinergic neurons in these areas are unlike many excitable cells in the CNS in that they have two distinctly different ways to release peptide: paracrine and synaptic (which depend on dendritic and axonal structures, respectively). To date, very little is known about the distinctly different mechanisms though which paracrine or synaptic release of oxytocin in the brain ultimately modulates central circuits underlying mood affect and social behavior. In a broad sense, this project seeks to address that gap by developing techniques to independently evaluate neurophysiological mechanisms engaged by these distinct types of endogenous oxytocinergic signaling. More specifically, current Aims will motivate sustained paracrine release of oxytocin in the PVN using a systemic osmotic stressor that has recently been demonstrated to blunt the physiological response to psychogenic stress, and to produce a clear anxiolytic behavioral phenotype in tests for social and generalized anxiety. Based on extensive preliminary data, Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that paracrine release of oxytocin in the hypothalamus contributes to an anxiolytic phenotype in large part by directly inhibiting parvocellular neurosecretory neurons that express corticotropin releasing factor (Aim 1). Aim 2 will then reveal a previously unexpected and likely disynaptic mechanism through which paracrine release of oxytocin can disinhibit parvocellular preautonomic neurons in the PVN. Finally, Aim 3 will examine the effect of autocrine receptor activation of both dendritic and presynaptic OTRs on PVN magnocellular neurons. This work is expected to reveal a powerful positive feedback loop that supports both sustained paracrine and enhanced synaptic oxytocin release. Overall, Aim 1 has high potential significance because it will indicate a clear mechanism through which centrally acting oxytocin can effectively modulate key aspects of the stress response that have long been implicated in the etiology of mood and anxiety disorders. Further, Aims 2-3 enhance the overall significance of the project by revealing several new functional aspects of the central paracrine oxytocin signal that are likely to help guide and infor rational development of new therapeutics that seek to transiently activate central OTRs.