Imaging the Brain in Motion: The Ambulatory Micro-Dose, Wearable PET Brain Imager

对运动中的大脑进行成像：动态微剂量、可穿戴 PET 大脑成像仪

• 批准号: 9093837
• 负责人: Julie Ann Brefczynski-Lewis
• 金额: $ 48.7万
• 依托单位: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-26 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9093837
• 关键词: Address; Affective; Algorithms; Applications Grants; Area; Basic Science; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain scan; Cell physiology; Communities; Computer Simulation; Computer software; Country; Data; Dementia; Development; Devices; Discipline of Nuclear Medicine; Dose; Electroencephalography; Electronics; Elements; Equilibrium; Freedom; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Geometry; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Human Activities; Human Resources; Image; Image Analysis; Imaging Techniques; Injection of therapeutic agent; Investigation; Ion Channel; Label; Lead; Logistics; Low Dose Radiation; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mechanics; Mental Depression; Metabolism; Microglia; Mind; Modality; Molecular; Motion; Motor Activity; Movement; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neurosciences; Neurotransmitters; Noise; Outcome; PET/CT scan; Participant; Performance; Persons; Play; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Public Health; Radiation; Radioactive; Radiochemistry; Radiolabeled; Research; Resolution; Robotics; Safety; Scanning; Sensory Receptors; Social Interaction; Stroke; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Thinking; Time; Tracer; Traumatic Brain Injury; Validation; Vision; Walking; Weight; Work; base; data acquisition; design; detector; follow-up; image reconstruction; imaging agent; imaging modality; imaging system; insight; light weight; meetings; multidisciplinary; neuroimaging; next generation; novel; novel marker; operation; prototype; quantitative imaging; radioligand; radiotracer; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; simulation; symposium; targeted biomarker; technology development; tool; virtual reality

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our vision is to design the first truly mobile molecular brain imager that can be used on healthy subjects to study the functioning of the human brain during motion. The ultimate goal is to be able to image subjects during a proverbial "walk in the park" and other natural activities. We selected PET technology as the most likely to succeed in the next decade to provide the desired functionality of such a brain imager. While MRI is an exceptionally powerful and versatile imaging modality, and there are even upright MRIs for structural brain scans, for functional fMRI scans the subjects must stay still and in horizontal position inside a narrow bore of a strong-field MRI magnet. What we propose is extremely challenging and cannot be realized without careful planning for its requirements and the approaches to achieve the desired performance. There are several major obstacles to overcome before an ambulatory use of such a brain imager can become feasible. The first challenge is that PET is a nuclear medicine modality and one needs to deal with the issue of radiation dose and safety to the ambulatory healthy subjects and to the personnel. Therefore, we have to (1) develop a strategy to substantially lower the radiation doses. We hypothesize that doses as low as 1-10% of the standard injection dose when imaging with the whole body PET/CT scanners will become possible, without adversely impacting the task-specific accuracy of imaging procedures. The second challenge is (2) availability and delivery of the appropriate radiolabeled PET imaging agents that, with the substantially increased sensitivity of the device, will be able to tag neural targets that were too low to detect with current PET technology. The third key challenge is (3) the design of the mechanics/robotics allowing comfortable and safe freedom of movement. Clearly the most critical, lowering of the radiation dose, depends on many factors, starting with the definition of the task-specific performance requirements, and optimizations through simulation and development of optimized reconstruction algorithms, through selection of the optimized detector design, and of the type of the radioactive label (C-11, O-15 vs F18, etc.). This multi-parametrical analysis can be only achieved through careful analysis and simulation, accompanied by detector component prototyping, having in mind the follow-up grant application(s) to propose development of the full prototype. The first and critically important aim of our planning grant will be to articulate clearly the need for such an ambulatory, highly sensitive PET imager and prepare a list of its applications and accompanying task- specific performances. We prepared a preliminary list justifying the validity of the ambulatory PET concept, but we need to deepen it and associate operational requirements with particular imaging tasks. We anticipate that from our planning discussions we may envision more than one design of the imaging system, as one universal system may not suffice.

 描述（由适用提供）：我们的愿景是设计第一个真正的移动分子脑成像仪，可用于健康受试者，以研究运动过程中人脑的功能。最终目标是能够在众所周知的“公园步行”和其他自然活动中对主题进行想象。我们选择了宠物技术在未来十年中最有可能成功的宠物技术，以提供这种大脑成像仪的期望功能。尽管MRI是一种非常强大且多才多艺的成像方式，甚至还有用于结构性脑扫描的直立MRIS，对于功能fMRI扫描，受试者必须保持静止和水平位置，内部在狭窄的强场MRI磁铁的狭窄孔内。我们建议的是极其挑战，如果没有仔细计划其要求以及实现所需绩效的方法，就无法实现。在使用这种大脑成像器的卧床使用之前，有几个主要的障碍要克服。第一个挑战是PET是一种核医学方式，需要处理对卧床健康受试者和人员的辐射剂量和安全问题。因此，我们必须（1）制定一种策略，以大大降低辐射剂量。我们假设，当用全身PET/CT扫描仪进行成像时，剂量低至标准注射剂量的1-10％将成为可能，而不会不利影响成像程序的任务特定精度。第二个挑战是（2）适当的放射标记的PET成像剂的可用性和交付，随着设备的敏感性大大提高，将能够标记太低而无法使用当前PET技术检测到的中性靶标。第三个关键挑战是（3）机械/机器人技术的设计，允许舒适安全的行动自由。显然，最关键的是，降低辐射剂量的最关键取决于许多因素，从特定于任务的性能要求开始，以及通过选择优化的重建算法的模拟和开发，通过选择优化的检测器设计以及放射性标签的类型（C-11，O-15，O-15 vs f18等）进行优化。只有通过仔细的分析和模拟来实现这种多参数分析，这是通过检测器组件原型制作完成的，请记住对完整原型的提议开发的后续拨款应用程序。我们的计划赠款的第一个且至关重要的目的是清楚地表达对这种高度敏感的宠物成像师的需求，并准备其应用程序和参与任务的列表。我们准备了一个初步清单，证明了Absuratory PET概念的有效性，但我们需要加深它及其相关的操作要求。具有特定的成像任务。我们预计，从我们的计划讨论中，我们可能会设想一个以上的成像系统设计，因为一个通用系统可能无法提供。

项目成果

Development and Design of Next-Generation Head-Mounted Ambulatory Microdose Positron-Emission Tomography (AM-PET) System.

• DOI: 10.3390/s17051164
• 发表时间: 2017-05-19
• 期刊: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
• 作者: Melroy S;Bauer C;McHugh M;Carden G;Stolin A;Majewski S;Brefczynski-Lewis J;Wuest T
• 通讯作者: Wuest T