Effect of Exercise Modality During Weight Loss on Bone Health in Older Adults

减肥期间的运动方式对老年人骨骼健康的影响

• 批准号: 9282766
• 负责人: Kristen Marie Beavers
• 金额: $ 11.55万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9282766
• 关键词: Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; Age; Alkaline Phosphatase; Area; Attenuated; Award; Behavioral; Benefits and Risks; Biological Markers; Body Weight decreased; Bone Density; Bone Resorption; Budgets; C-telopeptide; Capsicum; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Clinical Research; Collagen Type I; Complement; Data; Data Analytics; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Elderly; Ensure; Environment; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Femur; Fracture; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Image Analysis; Individual; Injury; Institutional Review Boards; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Letters; Life Expectancy; Long-Term Effects; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Morbidity - disease rate; National Research Service Awards; Obesity; Osteocalcin; Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; Outcome; Overweight; Parents; Participant; Physical Exercise; Physical Function; Physiology; Population; Preventive; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Risk; Risk Factors; Scanning; Secure; Serum; Site; Structure; Techniques; Thinness; Time; Training; Vertebral column; Weight; Woman; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; age related; aging nutrition; base; bone; bone health; bone loss; bone mass; bone metabolism; bone quality; bone strength; bone turnover; cardiometabolic risk; career; cost; cost effective; crosslink; design; disability; exercise training; experience; follow-up; fracture risk; healthy aging; improved; innovation; men; mode of exercise; mortality; novel; nutrition; osteoporosis with pathological fracture; programs; prophylactic; protective effect; public health relevance; resistance exercise; skills; spine bone structure; stem; therapy design; weight loss intervention

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Old age and obesity are prevalent risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Weight loss (WL) ameliorates many clinical consequences of obesity; yet despite its benefits, recommendation of intentional WL in older adults remains controversial. Reluctance stems, at least in part, from loss of bone mass known to accompany overall WL and the potential for exacerbation of age-related risk of osteoporosis and fracture. Addition of aerobic exercise to WL may be an effective means to attenuate, but not stop, WL-associated reductions in bone mineral density (BMD). Resistance exercise alone, or when combined with aerobic exercise, has also shown protective effects on BMD loss during moderate WL in older adults. However, a study directly comparing the effect exercise modality (aerobic versus resistance) during WL on changes in BMD and other measures of bone quality (i.e. strength, structure, and turnover) in overweight and obese, older adults has yet to be done. This is an understudied research area of great scientific need. Thus, the main research objective of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (MRSDA) is to generate data that will inform future R-level awards, led by the candidate, in the identification of WL strategies that minimize bone loss and subsequent fracture risk in overweight and obese, older adults. We hypothesize that resistance exercise will reduce the loss of bone density and quality associated with WL in overweight and obese, older adults when compared to aerobic exercise or WL alone. If confirmed, findings have the potential to influence recommendations for physical exercise and WL in this population. The main training objective of this MRSDA is to meet the PI's immediate career goal by providing her with skill in the design and conduct of behavioral based WL- interventions as well as in-depth knowledge of the effect of WL strategies on bone density and quality in older adults, offering the necessary accompaniment to the candidate's previous NRSA- supported postdoctoral work studying the effects of WL-associated fat and lean mass loss on cardiometabolic risk and physical function in older adults. The proposed training plan features an exceptional mentoring team and training environment, with content mentors in the areas of healthy aging, behavioral based WL-interventions, and bone metabolism, as well as carefully selected didactic and hands-on training in bone physiology, image analysis, and laboratory techniques. Completion of the activities outlined in this MRSDA will allow the PI to achieve her long-term career goal as independent clinical investigator, with the ability to comprehensively identify of optimal WL therapies to promote and preserve functional independence in overweight and obese, older adults.

 描述（由申请方提供）：老年和肥胖是发病率和死亡率的普遍风险因素。体重减轻（WL）可改善肥胖的许多临床后果;然而，尽管有其益处，但对老年人进行有意WL的建议仍存在争议。不情愿的原因，至少部分是由于骨量丢失，已知伴随着整体WL和潜在的加剧与年龄相关的骨质疏松症和骨折的风险。在WL中加入有氧运动可能是一种有效的手段，可以减弱但不能阻止WL相关的骨矿物质密度（BMD）降低。抗阻运动单独或与有氧运动结合，也显示出对老年人中度WL期间BMD损失的保护作用。然而，一项直接比较WL期间运动方式（有氧运动与阻力运动）对超重和肥胖老年人BMD和骨质量其他指标（即强度、结构和转换）变化的影响的研究尚未完成。这是一个研究不足的研究领域，有很大的科学需求。因此，该指导研究科学家发展奖（MRSDA）的主要研究目标是生成数据，这些数据将为候选人领导的未来R级奖项提供信息，以确定最大限度地减少超重和肥胖老年人骨丢失和随后骨折风险的WL策略。我们假设，与有氧运动或单独WL相比，抗阻运动将减少超重和肥胖老年人与WL相关的骨密度和质量的损失。如果得到证实，研究结果有可能影响这一人群的体育锻炼和WL建议。本MRSDA的主要培训目标是通过为PI提供设计和实施基于行为的WL干预的技能以及WL策略对老年人骨密度和质量影响的深入了解，满足PI的近期职业目标。为候选人以前的NRSA支持的博士后工作提供必要的伴奏，研究WL的影响，脂肪和瘦体重减少对老年人心脏代谢风险和身体功能的影响。拟议的培训计划具有卓越的指导团队和培训环境，在健康老龄化，基于行为的WL干预和骨代谢领域有内容导师，以及在骨生理学，图像分析和实验室技术方面精心挑选的教学和实践培训。完成本MRSDA中概述的活动将使PI能够实现其作为独立临床研究者的长期职业目标，能够全面识别最佳WL治疗，以促进和保持超重和肥胖老年人的功能独立性。