5/5-Cognitive Neuroscience Task Reliability & Clinical Applications Consortium

5/5-认知神经科学任务可靠性

• 批准号: 9095443
• 负责人: ANGUS W MACDONALD
• 金额: $ 22.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9095443
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Affective; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavioral; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cognitive; Complement; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Data Collection; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Dorsal; Emotional; Ensure; Feedback; Floor; Funding; Future; Goals; Gold; Health; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Learning; Length; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Major Mental Illness; Measures; Modification; Mood Disorders; Moods; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Reinforcements; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parietal; Participant; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Perception; Performance; Positive Reinforcements; Positive Valence; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Psychometrics; Psychopathology; Psychotic Disorders; Psychotic Mood Disorders; Recruitment Activity; Recurrence; Research Domain Criteria; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Resources; Retrieval; Reversal Learning; Sampling; Schizoaffective Disorders; Schizophrenia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Short-Term Memory; Site; Strategic Planning; Stream; Support System; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Visual; Visual system structure; Work; base; clinical application; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive system; course development; effective therapy; functional disability; functional outcomes; insight; interest; meetings; phenomenological models; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; theories; therapy development; tool; working group

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Clinical neuroscience is on the verge of a revolution. Traditional conceptualizations of disorders based on phenomenology are increasingly recognized as limited, but we have lacked a clear path toward a more valid approach. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative has identified one such pathway; the examination of components of behavior linked to known neural systems that form the basis of core dimensions of psychopathology. This competing renewal will provide new insights into the cognitive and emotional processes underlying core symptom dimensions in major mental illness and provide a new set of valid and reliable tools to facilitate the aims of RDoC and Objective 1.4 of the NIMH Strategic Plan: "Develop new ways of classifying disorders based on dimensions of observable behaviors and brain functions." This application will utilize the CNTRaC's infrastructure and expertise to optimize measures of WM capacity, positive and negative reinforcement learning (both implicit and explicit) and reversal learning, and then apply them together with previously validated measures. Specific Aim 1 is to validate (in individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder, as well as comparison participants) optimized versions of the paradigms that assess our six constructs of interest, as well as to examine the relationship of task performance to clinical and functional outcomes in psychosis. Specific Aim 2 will be to assess and optimize test-retest reliability and practice effects for the task versions validated in Specific Aim 1. Specific Aim 3 will be to use these optimized measures of working memory capacity and reinforcement learning, along with our previously optimized measures of WM goal maintenance, relational encoding and retrieval, and visual integration to examine the relationship between performance on these measures of core constructs and dimensions of psychopathology across diagnoses (including medicated and un-medicated individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders, as well as individuals with bipolar disorder). We hypothesize that impairments in the dorsal frontal- parietal and frontal-temporal systems supporting WM (capacity and goal maintenance) and relational encoding/retrieval contribute to disorganization symptoms and functional impairment and that these impairments and relationships cut across affective and non-affective disorder boundaries, forming a core dimension that helps explain the overlap in function and neurobiology across disorders. We also hypothesize that impairments in orbital frontal-striatal systems supporting reinforcement and reversal learning contribute to the negative symptoms of anhedonia/amotivation, which also cut across diagnostic boundaries. However, we hypothesize that anhedonia/amotivation may involve different aspects of reward processing and circuitry in primary mood versus non-mood disorders with our selection of measures motivated to test this hypothesis. We hypothesize that impaired visual integration, which is thought to reflect reduced horizontal and recurrent feedback, will be related to disorganized symptoms across disorders, but will not relate to mood pathology.

描述（由申请人提供）：临床神经科学正处于革命的边缘。基于现象学的传统疾病概念化越来越被认为是有限的，但我们缺乏一个更有效的方法的明确路径。研究领域标准（RDoC）倡议已经确定了这样一条途径;检查与已知神经系统相关的行为成分，这些神经系统构成了精神病理学核心维度的基础。这种竞争性的更新将为重大精神疾病核心症状维度的认知和情感过程提供新的见解，并提供一套新的有效和可靠的工具，以促进RDoC和NIMH战略计划目标1.4的目标：“开发基于可观察行为和大脑功能维度的疾病分类新方法。“该应用程序将利用CNTRaC的基础设施和专业知识来优化WM能力，积极和消极的强化学习（内隐和外显）和反向学习的措施，然后将它们与先前验证的措施一起应用。具体目标1是验证（在精神分裂症，情感障碍和双相情感障碍的个人，以及比较参与者）的优化版本的范例，评估我们的六个结构的兴趣，以及检查精神病的临床和功能结果的任务表现的关系。具体目标2将评估和优化重测信度和具体目标1中验证的任务版本的实践效果。具体目标3将使用这些优化的工作记忆容量和强化学习的测量，沿着我们先前优化的WM目标维持、关系编码和检索以及视觉整合的测量，以检查这些核心结构测量的表现与跨诊断的精神病理学维度之间的关系（包括有精神分裂症和情感性精神障碍的用药和未用药个体，以及有双相情感障碍的个体）。我们假设，支持WM（能力和目标维持）和关系编码/检索的背侧额顶叶和额颞叶系统的损伤有助于混乱症状和功能障碍，这些损伤和关系跨越情感和非情感障碍的边界，形成一个核心维度，有助于解释功能和神经生物学在障碍中的重叠。我们还假设，支持强化和逆转学习的眶额-纹状体系统的损伤有助于快感缺乏/动机丧失的阴性症状，这也跨越了诊断界限。然而，我们假设，快感缺乏/动机可能涉及不同方面的奖励处理和电路在主要情绪与非情绪障碍与我们选择的措施动机来测试这一假设。我们假设，受损的视觉整合，这被认为是反映减少水平和经常性的反馈，将涉及到混乱的症状，但不会涉及到情绪病理。