Developmental Pathways of Substance Use among Sexual Minority Women

性少数女性物质使用的发展途径

• 批准号: 9129447
• 负责人: Connor J McCabe
• 金额: $ 3.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-16 至 2018-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9129447
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Bisexual; Buffers; Childhood; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Development; Disease; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Early identification; Elderly; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Equation; Factor Analysis; Goals; Growth; Heterosexuals; Individual; Intervention; Lesbian; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Life; Longevity; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Parents; Pathway interactions; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevalence; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Preventive treatment; Process; Prospective Studies; Psyche structure; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sex Orientation; Sexual abuse; Social support; Source; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Targeted Research; Testing; Time; United States; Woman; Women Status; Youth; age related; coping; deter alcohol use; early childhood; emotion dysregulation; experience; girls; health disparity; inner city; innovation; intervention program; member; peer; physical abuse; physical assault; prospective; psychologic; public health relevance; resilience; response; sexual minority; stressor; theories; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol and drug abuse among sexual minority women (SMW) is an increasingly recognized public health concern in the United States. Across a multitude of nationally-representative samples, SMW populations report higher rates of substance use and disorder (SU/D) across the lifespan, and further report greater levels of adversity in both childhood and adolescence as members of a stigmatized group.1,2 Although minority stress models suggest that higher levels of adversity may explain mental health disparity among sexual minority populations,3,4 few studies have examined the impact of adversity across development among SMW in predicting SU/D in later life; none have examined psychological mediators of this proposed pathway; and none have examined moderators of this developmental pathway. The goal of the present proposal is to examine the impact of adversity on psychological risk factors of SU/D across development and address protective factors that reduce risk for later SU/D among SMW. Specifically, the proposed study will test whether adversity and subsequent increases in emotion dysregulation (ED) among SMW in childhood and adolescence account for higher levels of SU/D through young adulthood, and will examine whether social support from peers and parents within adolescence buffers this proposed risk pathway. Data will be drawn from 2,278 heterosexual and 173 sexual minority women who participated in the Pittsburgh Girls Study. The Pittsburgh Girls Study is a large, diverse sample of inner-city girls followed prospectively from age 5 to age 23, and contains a large longitudinal sample of SMW ideal for addressing the proposed study aims. Factor analysis, latent growth curve modeling (LGM), and multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM) will be used to test 1) whether ED and adversity experiences in childhood and adolescence predict increases and higher levels of SU/D through young adulthood; 2) whether ED mediates the effects of adversity and SMW status on SU/D, and whether ED moderates the impact of adolescent adversity on SU/D; and 3) whether social support moderates the effect of ED and early and adolescent adversity on later SU/D across sexual orientation groups. Addressing these questions will inform both preventative and treatment intervention efforts to reduce the prevalence of substance disorder among lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations by informing the early identification of environmental risk factors associated with sexual minority status across development; by identifying target psychological processes that have a direct impact on substance use and disorder among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals; and by addressing risk and resilience in the context of social support within this at-risk population.

 描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，性少数女性 (SMW) 的酒精和药物滥用是一个日益受到认可的公共卫生问题。在大量具有全国代表性的样本中，中小收入人口在整个生命周期中物质使用和精神障碍 (SU/D) 的比例较高，并进一步报告称，作为被污名化群体的成员，他们在儿童期和青春期面临的逆境程度更高。 1,2 虽然少数群体压力模型表明，较高水平的逆境可能解释了性少数群体之间的心理健康差异，3,4 很少有研究考察逆境对中小收入群体发展过程中的影响。 预测以后生活中的 SU/D；没有人研究过这一拟议途径的心理中介因素；没有人研究过这一发展途径的调节因素。本提案的目标是研究逆境对发展过程中 SU/D 心理风险因素的影响，并解决降低 SMW 后期 SU/D 风险的保护因素。具体来说，拟议的研究将测试童年和青少年时期的逆境和随后的 SMW 情绪失调 (ED) 的增加是否会导致成年早期的 SU/D 水平较高，并将研究青春期期间同龄人和父母的社会支持是否会缓冲这一拟议的风险途径。数据来自参与匹兹堡女孩研究的 2,278 名异性恋女性和 173 名性少数女性。匹兹堡女孩研究是对 5 岁至 23 岁内城女孩进行的大规模、多样化样本的前瞻性跟踪，其中包含大量 SMW 纵向样本，非常适合实现拟议的研究目标。因子分析、潜在生长曲线模型 (LGM) 和多组结构方程模型 (SEM) 将用于测试 1) 儿童期和青春期的 ED 和逆境经历是否预示着成年早期 SU/D 的增加和更高水平； 2）ED是否介导了逆境和SMW状态对SU/D的影响，以及ED是否调节了青少年逆境对SU/D的影响； 3）社会支持是否会缓和 ED 以及早期和青少年逆境对不同性取向群体后期 SU/D 的影响。解决这些问题将为预防和治疗干预工作提供信息，通过早期识别与发展过程中性少数地位相关的环境风险因素，减少女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋人群中物质障碍的患病率；通过确定对女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋个体的药物使用和障碍有直接影响的目标心理过程；并在这一高危人群的社会支持背景下解决风险和复原力问题。