Using Implicit Measures to Improve Prediction of Hazardous Drinking

使用隐式测量来改进危险饮酒的预测

基本信息

批准号：
9178618
负责人：
KRISTEN P LINDGREN
金额：
$ 29.28万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-12-15 至 2018-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9178618
关键词：
Accounting Addictive Behavior Affect Age Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols Cessation of life Cognitive Development Driving While Intoxicated Ego Future Heavy Drinking Influentials Informal Social Control Injury Intervention Investigation Laboratory Study Legal Longitudinal Surveys Measures Methods Modeling Online Systems Participant Patient Self-Report Persons Preventive Intervention Process Process Measure Prospective Studies Recruitment Activity Reflex action Reporting Research Resource Allocation Resources Risk Risk Factors Sampling Students Time Unsafe Sex Woman alcohol related consequences alcohol related problem alcohol research alcohol risk binge drinker cognitive process college college drinker community college drinking drinking behavior experience experimental study hazardous drinking improved innovation men multilevel analysis physical assault predictive modeling public health relevance sexual assault university student young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching objective of the proposed research is to improve the prediction of hazardous drinking (HD; heavy alcohol use and negative alcohol-related consequences) in college students. For young adults, the college years are associated with increased risk for heavy alcohol use and problems, including death, physical injury, sexual and/or physical assault, unprotected sex, and driving while intoxicated. Dual process models of drinking suggest a way to improve the prediction of HD. Dual process models posit that both explicit (slow, reflective) cognitive processes and implicit (fast, reflexive) cognitive processes contribute to addictive behaviors. However, alcohol research has emphasized explicit processes, which may leave implicit processes unaccounted for. The proposed research seeks to increase the prediction of HD by accounting for implicit processes through the use implicit measures (IMs) of alcohol associations. We propose to focus on the prediction of two, different aspects of HD. First, dual process models posit that implicit processes become increasingly important as addictive behaviors become established. For college students, the early college years represent both a time period when drinking behaviors are being established and a time period of heightened risk for HD. Therefore, we propose to conduct a prospective study that will follow a random sample of 500 students in their early college years and assess IMs, their explicit self-report measure (EM) counterparts, and measures of hazardous drinking at 3-month intervals for 2 years. We will investigate the full range of drinkers (abstainers to heavy users) a a time of increased risk, which will allow for an examination of within- and between-person change in hazardous drinking, IMs, and EMs. Second, dual process models posit that, in established drinkers, implicit processes should dominate when cognitive processing resources are limited or are unlikely to be applied, such as in the presence of positive affect or when self-regulation resources are depleted (ego-depleted). For college students drinkers, positive affect and ego-depleted-related drinking are associated with greater alcohol consumption and experiencing more alcohol-related problems. Therefore, we propose to conduct 2 laboratory studies that will include IMs and EMs; induce positive affect or ego depletion; and measure participants' alcohol consumption in a subsequent ad lib drinking task. A sample of 100 legal-age, college student, and heavy episodic drinkers will be recruited for each study. Studies 2 and 3 will, thus, allow for an investigation of IMs and EMs as predictors of actual alcohol consumption under positive affect or ego depletion conditions - conditions that are associated with increased risk and shallower cognitive processes - in a sample of established drinkers. Collectively, the proposed studies are intended to improve the prediction of HD in college students by accounting for implicit processes, and ultimately, are intended to identify additional targets for prevention and intervention efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的总体目标是改善大学生中危险饮酒的预测（HD；大量酒精使用和与酒精相关的后果）。对于年轻人来说，大学年与增加大量酒精和问题的风险增加有关，包括死亡，身体伤害，性和/或身体攻击，无保护的性行为以及陶醉时驾驶。饮酒的双重过程模型提出了一种改善HD预测的方法。双重过程模型认为，显式（缓慢，反射性的）认知过程和隐式（快速，反思性）认知过程都会导致成瘾行为。但是，酒精研究强调了明确的过程，这可能会使隐式流程无法理解。拟议的研究旨在通过使用隐式措施（IMS）的酒精关联来考虑隐式过程来增加对HD的预测。我们建议专注于高清两个不同方面的预测。首先，双重过程模型认为，随着成瘾行为的建立，隐式过程变得越来越重要。对于大学生而言，大学生早期代表了建立饮酒行为的时间段和高清风险增加的时期。因此，我们建议进行一项前瞻性研究，该研究将跟踪500名学生在大学早期的随机样本，并评估IMS，明确的自我报告措施（EM）对应物以及2年间隔3年间隔危险饮酒的措施。我们将调查风险增加的时间的全部饮酒者（向重型用户弃权），这将允许检查危险饮酒，IMS和EMS内部和人之间的变化。其次，双重过程模型认为，在认知处理资源受到限制或不太可能应用的情况下，例如在存在积极影响或自我调节资源被耗尽时（自我消除）时，隐式过程应占主导地位（自我调节）。对于大学生的饮酒者，积极的影响和与自我相关的饮酒与饮酒量更多，并且遇到更多与酒精有关的问题。因此，我们建议进行两项包括IMS和EMS在内的实验室研究。诱导积极的影响或自我耗尽；并在随后的AD LIB饮酒任务中衡量参与者的饮酒。每项研究将招募100名法定年龄，大学生和大量情节饮酒者的样本。因此，研究2和3将允许对IMS和EMS作为在积极影响或自我耗尽条件下的实际酒精消耗的预测 - 与已建立饮酒者的样本相关的疾病 - 与风险增加和较浅的认知过程相关的条件。总的来说，拟议的研究旨在通过考虑隐式过程来改善大学生中HD的预测，并最终旨在确定预防和干预工作的其他目标。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（21）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Implicit and explicit drinking identity predict latent classes that differ on the basis of college students' drinking behaviors.

隐式和显式饮酒身份预测根据大学生饮酒行为而不同的潜在类别。

DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.010
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Drug and alcohol dependence
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Ramirez,JasonJ;Fairlie,AnneM;Olin,CeciliaC;Lindgren,KristenP
通讯作者：
Lindgren,KristenP

Resolving an identity crisis: Implicit drinking identity and implicit alcohol identity are related but not the same.

解决身份危机：内隐饮酒身份和内隐酒精身份相关，但并不相同。

DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.03.014
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Addictive behaviors
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Ramirez,JasonJ;Olin,CeciliaC;Lindgren,KristenP
通讯作者：
Lindgren,KristenP

Alcohol-approach inclinations and drinking identity as predictors of behavioral economic demand for alcohol.

酒精接近倾向和饮酒身份作为酒精行为经济需求的预测因素。

DOI：
10.1037/pha0000086
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Ramirez,JasonJ;Dennhardt,AshleyA;Baldwin,ScottA;Murphy,JamesG;Lindgren,KristenP
通讯作者：
Lindgren,KristenP

Evaluating the Relationship between Explicit and Implicit Drinking Identity Centrality and Hazardous Drinking.