Measuring and Isolating Imprecision in Vestibular Perception and Action

测量和隔离前庭感知和行动的不精确性

基本信息

批准号：
9174903
负责人：
Faisal Karmali
金额：
$ 16.4万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-12-01 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9174903
关键词：
Aircraft Behavior Behavioral Biological Assay Brain Characteristics Clinical Darkness Data Decision Making Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Engineering Esthesia Frequencies Goals Head Human Individual Intervention Lead Measurement Measures Modeling Motion Motor Nature Nervous system structure Neuraxis Noise Organ Pathology Pathway interactions Perception Peripheral Process Psychophysics Reflex action Research Role Rotation Running Semicircular canal structure Sensory Site Smooth Pursuit Source Stimulus System Techniques Testing Time Translations Variant Visual Motion Work behavioral response clinical Diagnosis improved motor control nonhuman primate novel oculomotor otoconia public health relevance relating to nervous system response sample fixation sensorimotor system sensory system trial comparing vestibular pathway vestibulo-ocular reflex visual feedback

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Precision in motion control and perception is critical to survival - whether prey running over rough terrain or a pilot landing on an aircraft carrier. Behavioral precision depends on precision at many levels - e.g. sensory transduction, motor units, and the central nervous system - and there are open questions about which level(s) limit overall precision. As fundamental examples, we don't know whether the majority of vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) imprecision originates in the periphery, the CNS, or the oculomotor system. Similarly, we do not know whether the majority of perceptual imprecision originates in the periphery or CNS. The long-term general goal of this research is to understand the role of precision in sensation, behavior, pathology, clinical diagnosis and neural processing. The relative simplicity of the vestibular system makes it an excellent model to study the basic principles of how the brain processes noise, which may be more broadly applicable to other sensory systems. The short-term goal of this work is to understand precision in vestibular sensorimotor reflexes and perception using novel techniques to measure and isolate sources of imprecision. For example, the sensitivity of clinical tests at diagnosing particular disorders coul be strengthened if sources of imprecision could be isolated. To achieve this goal, we propose the following specific aims. Aim 1: Study sensory, motor and perceptual noise by simultaneously assaying VOR and perceptual precision in humans. To determine the extent to which the VOR and perceptual thresholds depend on a shared noise source, we propose to measure perceptual and VOR responses simultaneously using threshold-level stimuli, and quantify trial-by-trial co-variation. We hypothesize that a shared, presumably peripheral sensory noise source underlies both perceptual and oculomotor responses for yaw rotation and inter-aural translation. Aim 2: We will separate sensory and motor precision by exploiting a unique characteristic of the translational VOR - that the sensitivity of the response can be modulated by fixation distance - allowing the effective decoupling of the sensory and motor components of the pathway. We will measure trial-to-trial VOR variability in response to repeated stimuli, while presuming that VOR variability dependent on sensory imprecision will scale with VOR sensitivity. We hypothesize that sensory noise dominates translational VOR variability.

描述（由申请人提供）：运动控制和感知中的精度对于生存至关重要 - 无论是猎物在崎rough地形上运行还是飞行员降落在航空母舰上。行为精度取决于许多级别的精度 - 例如感觉转导，电机单位和中枢神经系统 - 关于哪种水平限制总体精度有开放的问题。作为基本示例，我们不知道大多数前庭反射（VOR）不精确是源于外围，中枢神经系统或动眼运动系统。同样，我们也不知道大多数感知不精确是源于外围或中枢神经系统的。这项研究的长期一般目标是了解精度在感觉，行为，病理，临床诊断和神经加工中的作用。前庭系统的相对简单性使其成为研究大脑如何处理噪声的基本原理的绝佳模型，这可能更广泛地适用于其他感觉系统。这项工作的短期目标是使用新颖的技术来了解前庭感觉运动反射和感知的精度，以测量和分离不精确性的来源。例如，如果可以隔离不精确的来源，则可以加强临床测试对诊断特定疾病的敏感性。为了实现这一目标，我们提出以下特定目标。 AIM 1：通过同时在人类中测定VOR和感知精度，研究感觉，运动和感知噪声。为了确定VOR和感知阈值依赖共享噪声源的程度，我们建议使用阈值级别的刺激同时测量感知和VOR响应，并量化逐审经审判的共同变化。我们假设一个共享的，可能是外围的感觉噪声源是偏航旋转和射压旋转翻译的感知和眼球运动反应的基础。 AIM 2：我们将通过利用翻译VOR的独特特征来分离感觉和运动精度 - 可以通过固定距离调节响应的敏感性 - 允许途径的感觉和运动组件的有效解耦。我们将根据反复刺激的响应来衡量试验到试验的变异性，同时假定取决于感觉不精确的VOR变异性会随着VOR敏感性而扩展。我们假设感觉噪声主导着转化的变异性。