Everyday Socioemotional Perception in the Context of Aging

老龄化背景下的日常社会情感感知

• 批准号: 9405256
• 负责人: Vanessa Lopes Castro
• 金额: $ 0.16万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9405256
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Aging; Attenuated; Catalogs; Competence; Cues; Discrimination; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Face; Facial Expression; Feeling; Goals; Hostility; Image; Impairment; Judgment; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Literature; Maintenance; Masks; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Persons; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Series; Social Functioning; Social Perception; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Surveys; Testing; Voice; age difference; age group; age related; design; dyadic interaction; experience; positive emotional state; public health relevance; satisfaction; showing emotion; skills; social; trait; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Older adults report gains in domains including well-being and life satisfaction, despite experiencing declines in socio-emotional perception, a skill that likely underlies performance in these domains. The primary goal of this proposal is to advance our understanding of older adults' everyday socio-emotional perception skills using an approach that identifies the socio-emotional judgments older adults make in their everyday lives as a means to create ecologically valid stimuli for use in laboratory settings. Specifically, the proposed research will investigate older adults' perception of social and emotional states and traits that are hidden or expressed through a series of studies that will collectively assess: 1) older adults' everyday socio-emotional perception skills, and 2) age differences in the perception of social and emotional states and traits on laboratory tasks that approximate everyday skills. In Study 1, an online survey design will be employed to catalogue the types of social and emotional state and trait judgments older and younger adults report making in real life. Participants will also report whether such judgments are important to their social functioning, and whether they perceive their judgments as successful. Study 2 will use these findings to design stimuli for a laboratory task that assess the perception of emotional states that are hidden or expressed. This task will then be administered to a sample of younger and older adults in Study 3 to determine whether older adults demonstrate advantages in accurately perceiving emotional states and in determining whether these states are hidden or expressed as compared to younger adults on a task that is ecologically valid and representative of everyday skill. Study 4 will again draw on findings from Study 1 to design ecologically valid stimuli for a laboratory task that assesses the perception of social traits, including the trait of competence; stimuli will thus include cases where a target's competence is expressed or hidden from the perceiver. This task will subsequently be administered in Study 5 to a sample of younger and older adults to test for age differences in the perception of competence and the discrimination between images displaying expressed competence versus hidden competence. Together, results from these studies will inform our understanding of older adults' skills in perceiving others' emotional states and social traits. It is likely that patterns of age-related decline in soio-emotional perception often observed in the literature exist at least in part as a function of laboratory methods that do not adequately reflect older adults' true skills in daily life. Thus, th proposed research may present a more accurate and also more positive view of emotion and aging. Specifically, the proposed research may demonstrate that older adults experience gains in socio-emotional perception skills compared to younger adults, as these skills are integral to functioning in other domains in which older adults have demonstrated gains. Further, the proposed research contributes to the field by proposing an ecologically valid approach to examine age differences in socio-emotional perception in the laboratory that may be adopted by other researchers.

 描述（由申请人提供）：老年人报告在包括幸福和生活满意度在内的领域取得了进展，尽管社会情感感知下降，这可能是这些领域表现的基础技能。这项建议的主要目标是促进我们的理解老年人的日常社会情感感知技能，使用的方法，确定老年人在日常生活中的社会情感判断，作为一种手段，以创造生态有效的刺激，在实验室环境中使用。具体而言，拟议的研究将通过一系列研究来调查老年人对隐藏或表达的社会和情绪状态和特征的感知，这些研究将共同评估：1）老年人的日常社会情绪感知技能，以及2）在接近日常技能的实验室任务中对社会和情绪状态和特征的感知的年龄差异。在研究1中，将采用在线调查设计，对老年人和年轻人在真实的生活中报告的社会和情绪状态以及特质判断的类型进行分类。参与者还将报告这些判断对他们的社会功能是否重要，以及他们是否认为他们的判断是成功的。研究2将使用这些发现来设计实验室任务的刺激，以评估隐藏或表达的情绪状态的感知。然后，在研究3中，将对年轻人和老年人的样本进行这项任务，以确定老年人在准确感知情绪状态方面是否表现出优势，并确定与年轻人相比，这些状态是隐藏的还是表达的。研究4将再次借鉴研究1的研究结果，设计生态有效的刺激实验室任务，评估社会特征的感知，包括能力的特质;刺激将因此包括目标的能力是表达或隐藏的感知者的情况。这项任务随后将在研究5中管理的样本的年轻人和老年人测试的年龄差异的感知能力和图像显示的表达能力与隐藏的能力之间的歧视。总之，这些研究的结果将为我们了解老年人感知他人情绪状态和社会特征的技能提供信息。在文献中经常观察到的与年龄相关的社会情绪感知下降的模式可能至少部分地作为实验室方法的功能而存在，这些方法不能充分反映老年人在日常生活中的真正技能。因此，这项研究可能会提出一个更准确，也更积极的看法情绪和老化。具体而言，拟议的研究可能表明，与年轻人相比，老年人在社会情感感知技能方面有所收获，因为这些技能对于老年人表现出收益的其他领域的功能是不可或缺的。此外，拟议的研究有助于该领域提出了一个生态有效的方法来检查年龄差异的社会情绪感知在实验室中，可以通过其他研究人员。

项目成果

Children's prototypic facial expressions during emotion-eliciting conversations with their mothers.

孩子们在与母亲引发情感对话时的典型面部表情。

• DOI: 10.1037/emo0000354
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
• 作者: Castro,VanessaL;Camras,LindaA;Halberstadt,AmyG;Shuster,Michael
• 通讯作者: Shuster,Michael

Aging and the Social Ecology of Everyday Interpersonal Perception: What is Perceived, in Whom, and Where?

老龄化与日常人际感知的社会生态：感知什么、在谁身上、在哪里？

• DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx159
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
• 作者: Castro,VanessaL;Isaacowitz,DerekM
• 通讯作者: Isaacowitz,DerekM