Advancing and calibrating anisotropic diffusion MR imaging brain connectome with Taxon brain network diffusion phantoms

本项目将提供第一个地面真值连接各向异性扩散体模， 人白色物质，使用轴突尺度扩散管和跟踪250微米尺度纤维束（纤维束 该模型将推进MR扩散成像，提供准确的 校准、质量保证和研究进展。它利用了纺织工程、3D 打印和计算机控制的连接路由以再现人脑规模的白色物质组织， 允许使用数百万个填充的5-12微米规模的织物来再现实际的连接网络 管.它将量化连接体解剖映射的准确性，推动技术进步， 扩散MRI采集和纤维跟踪，并为临床和 研究MRI中心，以及基于解剖连接体的大脑科学和 临床影像学我们将量化跟踪一组神经束的准确性， 通过长距离（相对）复杂大脑映射路径的交叉点，并通过一系列测试， 代表人体组织的MRI参考对象体模，用于校准测量。 第一阶段的工作将是证明研究和校准效用的可行性， 产生一系列新颖的各向异性扩散幻象以量化连接布线精度。 我们将使用称为Taxons的中空纺织品（人造纺织品，轴突状，微米级中空管） 再现长距离轴突解剖学的生物学已知路线。这将提供第一个 轴突内水的定量参考标准。这些幻影将包括水/D2 O、Mn+ 掺杂或荧光染料填充的分类器，提供1，000个点对点制造的纤维束规模束 64，000个完整的Taxons。幻影将提供连接几何的制造复制品 与人类视觉系统的中尺度（眼睛到LGN，到V1，到V2，V4）相当， 拓扑匹配动物规模示踪研究。这将量化先进的扩散成像 层序可以遵循连通性模式，作为域大小、交叉、展布、数量和 分类单元的直径分布。具体目标是：1）开发多尺度制造的原型 脑网络标准参考分类模型，以证明 校准和推进MRI研究; 2）创建校准脑束/交叉MRI各向异性体模， 以及3）创建人类尺度连接体模，其将视觉系统眼睛中的复杂性映射到 LGN层。将使用MRI（3 T）和非MRI方法（光学和电子显微镜， 微型CT和纺织工业测量）。测试将在3 T和7 T MRI（Siemens、GE和 飞利浦）磁铁。

This project will provide the first ground truth connection anisotropic diffusion phantom to reproduce human white matter using axon scale diffusion tubes and track 250 micron scale fascicle (bundles of axons) with a common path. The phantom will advance MR diffusion imaging, providing accurate calibration, quality assurance, and research advancement. It utilizes innovations in textile engineering, 3D printing, and computer controlled connection routing to reproduce human brain scale white matter tissue, allowing for the reproduction of actual connective networks using millions of filled 5-12 micron scale textile tubes. It will quantify the accuracy of connectome anatomical mapping, drive technical advancement of diffusion MRI acquisition and fiber tracking, and provide ground truth measurement for clinical and research MRI centers, as well as quality assurance for anatomical connectome based brain scientific and clinical imaging. We will quantify the accuracy of following a set of neural fasciculi within tracts and through crossings in complex brain mapping paths over long distance (relative) and across a series of test MRI reference object phantoms representative of human tissue to calibrate measurement. The Phase I effort will be a demonstration of feasibility of research and calibration utility, creating a series of novel anisotropic diffusion phantoms to quantify connection routing accuracy. We will use hollow textiles called Taxons (manufactured textile, axon-shaped, micron scale hollow tubes) reproducing biologically known routes of long distance axonal anatomy. This will provide the first quantitative reference standard for intra-axonal water. These phantoms will include water/D2O, Mn+ doped, or fluorescent dye filled Taxons providing 1,000 point-to-point manufactured fasciculi scale tracts of 64,000 filled Taxons. The phantoms will provide manufactured reproduction of connectivity geometry comparable to the mesoscale of the human visual system (eye to LGN, to V1, to V2, V4) with spatial topology matching animal scale tracer studies. This will quantify how well advanced diffusion imaging sequences can follow the connectivity patterns as a function of tract size, crossing, spread, number and diameter distribution of Taxons. The Specific Aims are: 1) Develop a prototype multiscale manufactured standard reference taxon phantom for brain networks to demonstrate technical and economic feasibility to calibrate and advance MRI research; 2) Create a calibration brain tract/crossing MRI anisotropic phantom, and 3) Create a human scale connective phantom mapping the complexity in the visual system eye to layers of LGN. These will be tested with MRI (3T) and non-MRI methods (light and electron microscope, Micro CT, and textile industrial measurement). Testing will occur on 3T and 7T MRI (Siemens, GE, and Philips) magnets.