Multisite School-Based Evaluation of a Brief Screener for Underage Drinking

未成年人饮酒简要筛查的多地点校本评估

• 批准号: 9195613
• 负责人: SETH J. SCHWARTZ
• 金额: $ 41.87万
• 依托单位: AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-10 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9195613
• 关键词: 20 year old; Academy; Address; Adolescent; African; African American; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; American; Area; Behavior; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child; Colombian; County; Cuban; Data; Development; Disease; District of Columbia; Driving While Intoxicated; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Early identification; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Florida; Future; Gender; Haitian; Health; Health Benefit; Home environment; Individual; Jamaican; Location; Longitudinal prospective study; Maryland; Measurement; Measures; Monitor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neighborhoods; Nicaraguan; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pediatrics; Poverty; Prevention; Preventive service; Problem behavior; Public Health; Radial; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Salvadoran; Sampling; Schools; Sensitivity and Specificity; Services; Sex Behavior; Site; Students; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Time; Tobacco; Validation; Vehicle crash; Walking; Washington; adolescent alcohol; age group; aged; alcohol consequences; alcohol related problem; alcohol risk; alcohol screening; alcohol use disorder; base; binge drinking; brief alcohol screening; caucasian American; cohort; contextual factors; density; density of AOD outlets; design; drinking; elementary school; externalizing behavior; family structure; illicit drug use; indexing; instrument; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal design; metropolitan; neighborhood disadvantage; peer; public health relevance; screening; sex risk; sixth grade; social skills; socioeconomics; suburb; temporal measurement; tool; twelfth grade; underage drinking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study is designed to provide evidence for convergent validity, discriminant validity, predictive validity, sensitivity, and specificity fr the two-item underage drinking screening instrument designed by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the American Academy of Pediatrics. The study will use an accelerated longitudinal design with three cohorts (400 6th graders, 400 8th graders, and 400 10th graders). Each cohort will be assessed 7 times over a 31/2-year period, supporting longitudinal analyses across the 7-year period from 6th grade until the year after 12th grade. Participants will be sampled from public schools in Miami-Dade County, Florida, and the Maryland suburbs of Washington, DC. Students will be assessed in their classrooms twice per year. We will measure alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, alcohol use disorders, illicit drug use, sexual risk behavior, and externalizing problem behavior through well-validated self-report measures. We will also examine the extent to which the validity and effects of the screener vary according to the density of alcohol outlets within walking distance (a practical 1/4 mile radius) o each adolescent's home and school addresses, and according to Census-level poverty, affluence, residential stability, and family structure indices. Our analytic objectives will be to examine the extent to which scores on the screener items predict current and subsequent alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, diagnosable alcohol use disorders, illicit drug use, sexual risk behavior, and externalizing problem behavior - as well as to identify cutoff scores for the screener items that maximize the sensitivity and specificity of the instrument to identify adolescents at risk for alcohol problems. The present study will be the first to use the screener in a school setting, where the vast majority of adolescents can be accessed.

描述(由申请人提供)：本研究旨在为国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所和美国儿科学会设计的两项未成年人饮酒筛查工具的收敛效度、区分效度、预测效度、灵敏度和特异度提供证据。这项研究将使用加速纵向设计，包括三个队列(400名6年级学生、400名8年级学生和400名10年级学生)。每个队列将在31年半的时间内接受7次评估，支持从6年级到12年级后的7年期间的纵向分析。参与者将从佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县和马里兰州郊区华盛顿特区的公立学校抽样调查。学生每年将在教室里接受两次评估。我们将通过经过验证的自我报告措施来衡量酒精使用、酒精相关问题、酒精使用障碍、非法药物使用、性危险行为和问题行为的外化。我们还将根据每个青少年的家庭和学校地址步行距离(实际1/4英里半径)内酒精销售点的密度，以及根据人口普查水平的贫困、富裕、居住稳定性和家庭结构指数，检查筛查的有效性和效果的差异程度。我们的分析目标将是检查筛查项目上的分数在多大程度上预测当前和随后的酒精使用、与酒精相关的问题、可诊断的酒精使用障碍、非法药物使用、性风险行为和外化问题行为-以及确定筛查项目的截止分数，以最大限度地提高该工具的灵敏度和特异度，以识别有酒精问题风险的青少年。这项研究将是第一次在学校环境中使用筛选器，在学校环境中，绝大多数青少年都可以接触到。