Multisite School-Based Evaluation of a Brief Screener for Underage Drinking

未成年人饮酒简要筛查的多地点校本评估

• 批准号: 8900020
• 负责人: SETH J. SCHWARTZ
• 金额: $ 3.53万
• 依托单位: AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-10 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8900020
• 关键词: 20 year old; Academy; Address; Adolescent; African; African American; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; American; Area; Behavior; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child; County; Data; Disadvantaged; Disease; District of Columbia; Driving While Intoxicated; Drug usage; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Early identification; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Florida; Future; Gender; Health; Health Benefit; Home environment; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Maryland; Measurement; Measures; Monitor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neighborhoods; Nicaraguan; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pediatrics; Poverty; Prevention; Preventive; Problem behavior; Public Health; Radial; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Salvadoran; Sampling; Schools; Sensitivity and Specificity; Services; Sex Behavior; Site; Students; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Time; Tobacco; Validation; Vehicle crash; Walking; adolescent alcohol; age group; aged; alcohol related problem; alcohol risk; alcohol screening; alcohol use disorder; base; binge drinking; brief alcohol screening; caucasian American; cohort; contextual factors; density; density of AOD outlets; design; drinking; externalizing behavior; family structure; indexing; instrument; longitudinal design; metropolitan; peer; prospective; public health relevance; screening; sex risk; sixth grade; social skills; socioeconomics; suburb; tool; twelfth grade; underage drinking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study is designed to provide evidence for convergent validity, discriminant validity, predictive validity, sensitivity, and specificity fr the two-item underage drinking screening instrument designed by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the American Academy of Pediatrics. The study will use an accelerated longitudinal design with three cohorts (400 6th graders, 400 8th graders, and 400 10th graders). Each cohort will be assessed 7 times over a 31/2-year period, supporting longitudinal analyses across the 7-year period from 6th grade until the year after 12th grade. Participants will be sampled from public schools in Miami-Dade County, Florida, and the Maryland suburbs of Washington, DC. Students will be assessed in their classrooms twice per year. We will measure alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, alcohol use disorders, illicit drug use, sexual risk behavior, and externalizing problem behavior through well-validated self-report measures. We will also examine the extent to which the validity and effects of the screener vary according to the density of alcohol outlets within walking distance (a practical 1/4 mile radius) o each adolescent's home and school addresses, and according to Census-level poverty, affluence, residential stability, and family structure indices. Our analytic objectives will be to examine the extent to which scores on the screener items predict current and subsequent alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, diagnosable alcohol use disorders, illicit drug use, sexual risk behavior, and externalizing problem behavior - as well as to identify cutoff scores for the screener items that maximize the sensitivity and specificity of the instrument to identify adolescents at risk for alcohol problems. The present study will be the first to use the screener in a school setting, where the vast majority of adolescents can be accessed.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在为美国国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所和美国儿科学会设计的两项未成年饮酒筛查工具的收敛效度、判别效度、预测效度、灵敏度和特异性提供证据。该研究将采用加速纵向设计，包括三个队列（400名六年级学生，400名八年级学生和400名十年级学生）。每个队列将在31/2年的时间内评估7次，支持从6年级到12年级后一年的7年时间内的纵向分析。参与者将从迈阿密戴德县、佛罗里达和华盛顿郊区的马里兰州的公立学校抽样。学生将在他们的教室每年评估两次。我们将通过有效的自我报告措施来衡量酒精使用，酒精相关问题，酒精使用障碍，非法药物使用，性风险行为和外化问题行为。我们还将研究筛选器的有效性和效果根据每个青少年家庭和学校地址的步行距离（实际1/4英里半径）内的酒精销售点密度以及根据普查水平的贫困，富裕，住宅稳定性和家庭结构指数而变化的程度。我们的分析目标将是检查筛选项目的分数在多大程度上预测当前和随后的酒精使用，酒精相关的问题，可诊断的酒精使用障碍，非法药物使用，性风险行为和外化问题行为-以及确定筛选项目的截止分数，最大限度地提高仪器的灵敏度和特异性，以确定青少年酒精问题的风险。目前的研究将是第一个在学校环境中使用筛选器，在那里绝大多数青少年可以访问。