Reducing Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department Setting

减少急诊室儿科患者的二手烟暴露

• 批准号: 9367361
• 负责人: Ashley L Merianos
• 金额: $ 16.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9367361
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Acute; Address; Administrator; Adult; Affect; American; Attention; Behavior Therapy; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Child health care; Childhood; Clinical; Counseling; Data; Economic Burden; Education; Emergency Care; Emergency department visit; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Epidemic; Exposure to; Funding; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Care Visit; Health Promotion; Health Services; Healthcare; Hospitalization; Income; Individual; Infection; Injury; Intensive Care Units; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Manuals; Medical; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Nicotine Dependence; Nurses; Outcome; Oxygen; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preventive Intervention; Preventive care; Procedures; Provider; Public Health; Reporting; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Scientist; Smoker; Social Workers; Source; Substance Use Disorder; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Disorder; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Visit; Work; base; career; caregiver interventions; cigarette smoking; cost; disorder prevention; ear infection; environmental tobacco smoke exposure; evidence base; fundamental research; health care service utilization; health economics; implementation science; improved; multidisciplinary; pediatric patients; professor; public health intervention; respiratory; safety net; skills; smoking cessation; tobacco control

PROJECT SUMMARY Substance use disorders disproportionately affect individuals seeking treatment in Emergency Departments (EDs). Nicotine addiction is a commonly reported substance use disorder in ED populations that impacts adults directly and their children through secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe). EDs are uniquely positioned to deliver preventive intervention for tobacco use disorders to at-risk adult and child populations with limited access to sources of preventive care. While EDs could expand medical care to include a focus on health promotion and disease prevention for children and their caregivers, implementation of such efforts is rare. Commonly reported barriers include time, resources, and skill in public health intervention. Thus, there is a call to train scientists capable of leading multi-disciplinary research that extends the clinical mission of EDs to include health promotion and disease prevention efforts. However, little attention has been given to quantifying the contribution child SHSe has on pediatric ED (PED) utilization and exploring how to effectively implement SHSe reduction interventions into this opportune setting. Therefore, the specific aims of this project are: 1) To determine the contribution that child SHSe has on healthcare utilization and related costs in SHS-exposed children who present to the PED compared with unexposed children; 2) To select one of two existing, evidence-based SHSe reduction interventions, and identify ways to adapt and successfully implement the intervention in the PED setting by conducting focused interviews with physicians, nurses, social workers, and healthcare administrators; and 3) To develop an implementation plan and corresponding manual of procedures for use in a future R01 SHSe reduction intervention that will be adapted for the PED setting. The successful completion of the proposed project will result in identification of the health and economic burden of child SHSe on the PED and creation of an implementation plan to reduce SHSe to be tested in a future R01 trial. Dr. Ashley L. Merianos, the candidate, is an Assistant Professor at the University of Cincinnati. The National Institutes of Health Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will provide the candidate with fundamental research and career training in mixed-methods methodology and preventive intervention to implement the proposed work. Dr. Merianos’ long-term career goal is to be a health services researcher with expertise in developing, adapting, and implementing evidence-based behavioral interventions for substance use disorders affecting children in the acute healthcare setting. Through the proposed K01 work, she plans to focus on child SHSe in the PED to acquire new skills needed to incorporate health promotion and disease prevention into the acute healthcare setting.

项目总结 物质使用障碍不成比例地影响到急诊科求医的个人 (编辑)。尼古丁成瘾是ED人群中一种常见的物质使用障碍，它会影响 成年人直接和他们的孩子通过二手烟暴露(SHSE)。EDS的独特定位是 为有烟草使用障碍的高危成人和儿童人群提供预防干预 获得预防性护理的来源。而急诊室可以扩大医疗保健，将重点放在健康上 在促进和预防儿童及其照顾者的疾病方面，这样的努力很少见。 通常报告的障碍包括公共卫生干预方面的时间、资源和技能。因此，有一个呼唤 培养能够领导多学科研究的科学家，将急诊科的临床使命扩展到 包括促进健康和预防疾病的努力。然而，很少有人关注量化问题。 儿童SHSE对儿科急诊室利用的贡献及有效实施的探讨 她将减排干预纳入了这一时机。因此，该项目的具体目标是：1) 确定儿童SHSE对暴露于SHS的医疗保健利用率和相关成本的贡献 将出现在PED的儿童与未暴露的儿童进行比较；2)从两个现有的儿童中选择一个， 以证据为基础的减少SHSE干预措施，并确定适应和成功实施 通过对医生、护士、社会工作者和 卫生保健管理人员；以及3)制定实施计划和相应的程序手册 用于未来将适应PED设置的R01 SHSE降低干预。成功者 拟议项目的完成将导致确定儿童的健康和经济负担。 关于PED和创建一个实施计划，以减少SHSE，以便在未来的R01试验中进行测试。Dr。 候选人阿什利·L·梅里亚诺斯是辛辛那提大学的助理教授。《国家报》 卫生研究院导师研究科学家发展奖(K01)将为候选人提供 混合方法方法和预防干预的基础研究和职业培训 落实拟开展的工作。梅里亚诺斯博士的长期职业目标是成为一名卫生服务研究员， 在制定、调整和实施基于证据的物质行为干预措施方面的专业知识 在急性医疗保健环境中影响儿童的使用障碍。通过拟议的K01工作，她计划 将重点放在儿科，以获得将健康促进和疾病结合起来所需的新技能 将预防纳入急性医疗保健环境。